John 15

 Good morning again. What a great afternoon yesterday after the fog burned off! We did get some outside work done and it was good to get some tasks completed. Sherri and I participated in Trunk or Treats for a friend of ours who works for Achieve. We were in the Park Terrace parking lot with about 5 or 6 other cars. The clients in their group homes had a great time. Little Meadows Trunk or Treats is Sunday night 6:30 until 8PM! It will be so much fun!!

In this chapter, Jesus talks about what Life in Him is meant to be. It is the "true vine" statements. Remember we are hearing Jesus talk to just the disciples. Judas has left the group and we are "waiting" for the betrayal and arrest (chapter 18). These final words are Jesus' farewell address and his mission for the disciples. 

Authors throughout the Bible have used the "vine" as a symbol of God's people. It was a familiar motif to the people of the day. Jesus talks about being the true vine (v 1). We are to be rooted in Him- not Israel, not the church, not our beings- but be rooted and part of Jesus. We are the branches, we are dependent upon Jesus, just like the branches of a tree are dependent upon the entire structure for food and nourishment. God is the One who cultivates and cares for the vine- the vinedresser. 

Sherri and I have some grape vines in the back field. It is part of our "orchard" and every year we go and cut back and trim and cleave off branches. Like God, we try to keep the good producing vines and get rid of the vines that do nothing. Our goal (like God's( is to get more fruit, to have better production. It is a time consuming task that takes the better part of a day (we only have about a dozen vines). Throughout the growing season, we are also trimming off stray shoots and shoots that are not producing. Similar to Jesus' statement (v 3) about how He has begun cleansing the disciples. 

Our relationship with Jesus is mutual (v 4), like a grape vine and its shoots. The shoots and leaves produce the sugars that travel down the main stem to the ground where they are stored during the winter; as spring comes, the roots send the sugars back up the main stem to the new growing shoots. We are like that with Jesus- dependent upon each other. Take the main stem away, the shoots all die (vv 5-6). There is a warning from Jesus. The shoots that do not produce and are cut away will be thrown into the fire (or in our case the compost pile!). The goal of pruning any plant is for bigger harvests. Branches of the vine that bear much fruit bring glory to God (v 8). 

Jesus goes on saying that the love he had for them (the disciples) is the same love that God had for Jesus. Jesus is expressing God's love to Him through Jesus' love for us. How profound that Jesus is the expression of God's love! Jesus connects true discipleship with keeping the commandments (v 10). Stay true to Jesus' commandments and Jesus' love will stay true in you. 

Jesus then reminds them of the commandment he gave earlier- love each other (v 12)! We are sent out to love each other too. Do we do that? Or are we competing against each other for something? Or do we fight with each other? Or do we hate each other? Or do we fear each other?

Jesus' ultimate illustration of His love will be expressed through death (v 13). We know that, however, I am sure the disciples were confused by that statement. Were they thinking that Jesus was going to war (like a real fighting war) and may be killed for their safety? In addition, Jesus "modifies" their relationship to friendship status. The typical rabbi- student relationship wasn't a friendship- it was almost master-slave relationship. They are now more of a partnership. 

Jesus prepares the disciples for life after Jesus. We know, and the disciples knew, how the world "hated" Jesus; they knew of the stonings that almost happened, they were aware of the plot to kill Jesus. The disciples should expect the same, especially after Jesus departs. Eventually, all of the disciples (except John) would be killed as martyrs; they will know the full hatred of the world. Do we fell that sometimes? The world and Jesus are antagonists to each other. Is tat still true today?

Much of the hatred comes from not knowing God (v 21). We fear what we do not know. That continues to this day! There was no reason to hate Jesus, other than He wanted to change the world. Paradigm shifts are tough for everyone, look at how churches and other institutions resist change- and Jesus was trying to change the world! Jesus references back to the Holy Spirit (v 26); Jesus knows that the disciples will need the peace and comfort and guidance offered by the Holy Spirit. 

As a sidenote, v 26 is a source of controversy between the eastern and western branches of the church! "The Spirit of truth who comes from the Father"- does that mean the Spirit comes just from God or from both God and Jesus? The Nicene Creed for us reads "...who proceeds from the Father and the Son..." The clause "and the Son" (the filoque clause) was added in the 6th C by Rome; Eastern Orthodox churches refuse to say those words because of this text in John!

Always something going on!

Enjoy the weekend and enjoy the readings- lots to unpack in today's chapter again!

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

John 14

 Good morning everyone! What a foggy and eerie morning! I hope you all had a good day yesterday and are planning on having a good one today!

This morning we begin "Jesus' farewell discourse" (chapters 14 through 16). Jesus is talking exclusively to his disciples and explains the significance of His death, so when it happens, the disciples might have a better idea of what to expect. It is a complex address that intertwines the assurance of Jesus' presence, the need for Jesus to return to God, the promise of the Holy Spirit and the central idea of loving all people. 

Even though Jesus knows they will be hurt and troubled and confused, Jesus tells the disciples to "not be troubled." You ever do that to a young child that is crying over something? "Oh, don't be scared" or "You're ok, nothing is going to happen." How did that go? We don't accept comfort too well when we are faced with tough times! Jesus is confident that He will see everyone again- why else would you prepare? I know when we have Sunday family dinner or any expected visitors- we make sure everything is looking good and ready for people; when we aren't expecting guests- we let things go some! The entire focus o this passage is being reunited with Christ and with each other. The confidence of Jesus exudes from the words he uses; Jesus is definitely sure this will happen!

Thomas then asks "the question" (v 5), "But, where are you going? We need to know if we are to meet you there!" Still somewhat stuck on earthly things- Thomas is looking for a specific meeting place! Jesus says He is the way- although his way is to the cross, our way through Him is to God. Jesus comments that the only way to God is through Jesus. Some controversy arises as a result of this...what about the Muslims or the Buddhists or the Jew...is their way to God the wrong way?

How well do we know Jesus? How well are we at having an intimate relationship with Jesus? Do we then also know God? That's what Phillip was asking (v 8). After all the time we have spent with Jesus, do we really know Jesus? After all the time we have spent with Jesus, do we really know God? The disciples had the advantage of living with Jesus- what about us?

Jesus is expecting his disciples to remain together after all this is over (v 12). In fact, Jesus expects more out of us than he ever did! Sounds impossible right? But, remember after Peter's first sermon (Acts 2), more than 3000 people were converted! More than in Jesus' ministry! We can do great things! CAn we? Do we?

Now a tough part- "If you love me, keep my commandments" (v 15). Remember the last one, "Just love each other!" How are we doing with that? This is a fair measure of our love for Jesus- our love is measured by how well we keep true the words Jesus said. "Just love each other!" 

Jesus will be sending the Holy Spirit, the Advocate, a helper (v 16). Jesus is expressing the Trinity in this statement. God, Jesus, Spirit- all in one. The Holy Spirit, the Helper, is here to empower us and help us live the Christian life. Even with the Holy Spirit residing in us(v 17), Jesus promises to come back (v 18). Jesus tells the disciples that he will be gone shortly (v 19), but the disciples will feel Jesus' presence within them (Holy Spirit). Jesus restates, if you love me, you will keep my commandments (v 23), "Just love each other."

Jesus had no wealth to give his disciples; there was no "estate" for them to have, but we have the Holy Spirit, the presence of Peace (v 27+). This give does not exempt us from trouble, but it does help us get through the trouble. With the Peace given to us through the Holy Spirit, we can get through anything. Right?

Jesus' departure from our world is done willingly. "The ruler of the world" (Satan) is coming, but Jesus willingly will go to the cross with God. And Jesus will come back- He promised!

Imagine hearing these words for the first time. Imagine what the disciples must be feeling right now. Imagine how their minds are racing and their emotions are all over the place. Tough words to hear.

Read these words from John again. Do you get a different feeling?

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

John 13

 Yikes! That was lots of rain! Can you imagine if that was snow?! It is coming soon!! I hope you all made it through the rain ok. We had water in the basement, but it wasn't a major issue. We have been having problems the last few years with water coming up through the floor drain especially when the ground is wet and there is heavy rain. 

Today is my busy "errand" day...and we have to prep for Trunk or Treats! Sherri and I are helping out at Park Terrace UMC for Achieve's Trunk or Treats on Thursday and then participating at Little Meadows on Sunday for our Trunk or Treats! Busy time!!

We being this reading with a (major?) source of controversy. Jesus is having a meal with his disciples- before the Passover. Compare to Matthew, Mark, and Luke that put Jesus having a meal on the Passover. Let the discussion begin! Regardless, Jesus knew now was the time. His entire life, especially the last three years, has been focused on and dedicated to this time. In 24 hours, he would be dead. Jesus uses the last few precious hours to minister to his faithful disciples. What strength Jesus has. There has been no mention of the cross, yet we, as Christians, know that the cross shadows all of what Jesus is saying, Something important for us to remember, even though Satan had entered Judas (v 2), he was present at the meal and Jesus treated him the same as the others. 

Probably one of the most humble things in Jesus' ministry happens next. He stoops down to wash the feet of the disciples. Remembering the comment from yesterday with Mary, foot washing was the most humiliating and lowest thing a slave would do for their master. Jesus even did all the preparatory work that would have been assigned to another slave- obtaining the towels, the water, the basin. This final act was an extreme act of servanthood. 

Peter, likely the last to be washed, says the infamous words, "Not only my feet, but my hands and head too". And Jesus returns with the comment, "Not all of you are clean" probably referencing Judas' betrayal. The commentary continues with Jesus saying you all should be doing the same thing to others. Do we "wash" others? Do we help them clean away the dirt and grime and crud of the day? Jesus presents a model of care for us that we are to imitate (v 15). Can we do that? Do we do that- care for others? Blessings to those that can and do care (v 17). 

Jesus' mood changes as he addresses the group saying that one who has eaten with us will betray Jesus (vv 18-19). Did Judas know? Did the others know?  Simon Peter ("the one Jesus loved" v 23), asked who Jesus was talking about. That must have been a hard thing for the disciples to hear, that one of the intimate group would betray Jesus. Jesus dips bread and gives it to Judas (v 26). The giving of dipped bread is a special honor- almost like being given a toast in your honor. Jesus showed love and grace to Judas, allowing him to repent if he wanted. Imagine Judas. What was he feeling right now? Jesus says to "do it quickly" (v 27). Judas flees into the night. I really feel for Judas. The anguish he must be going through. What was his life like before Jesus? With Jesus? After Jesus (for the short time he was alive). 

Jesus establishes a new commandment (vv 31- 35). Something I preach about or comment on almost every Sunday. "Just love each other!" (my words, not Jesus') People will know who we are by the love we express. Do they know who you are? How is your loving going? Even of "those people"? Jesus did it, can you? Do you?

Even now, the disciples seem confused. Peter often gets the bad press for asking "those questions" but we know they are all thinking it! Where are you going (v 36)? They all thought Jesus might be going to Rome to battle Caesar or at least have words with Pontius Pilate! They all wanted to go and help Jesus fight! They were ready for battle, for victory! Peter even commits his life to Jesus (v 37). And then those stinging words from Jesus, "Peter, even you will say you don't know me" (v 38). How must Peter have felt. He was Jesus' right hand man, the "one Jesus loved", the rock on which the church will be built. However, he will deny knowing Christ. Do we? Have we? 

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

John 12

 Good morning! It is going to be a wet one today! Finn and I had a chance to get out yesterday for the brief moment in the afternoon when the sun was out and warm! Thermometer hit 72 degrees yesterday afternoon and I had some windows open for a brief moment!

The story of Lazarus' resurrection brought some good thoughts out. Thanks!

Today we transition to Passion Week, beginning with a familiar story. As we read the Passion narrative, pay attention and notice the differences between John's interpretation and the Synoptic Gospels. There are some interesting ones!

 John begins with "Six days before the Passover..." so we have a definite timeframe here (the synoptic gospels put it two days before the Passover). About half of John's Gospel is devoted to Jesus' last week; Matthew uses about a third of his text, Mark uses about 40% of his text and Luke "only" about 25% to cover the last seven days of Jesus' life. If someone was writing your biography posthumously, how long would your last week be in relation to the whole story?

We are not sure why Lazarus' family made dinner for Jesus. Was it a thank-you for the resurrection of Lazarus? Was it just a family and friends gathering? Jesus knew what was coming in the next week, yet He still attended! From Matthew 26:6 and Mark 14:3, this is at the home of Simon the Leper; some indications were that Martha and Simon were married since she is definitely the hostess here.

Mary gives Jesus an unusual gift. It was common to wash the feet of visitors- they were dusty and dirty after walking all day, so the washing was expected, but it usually not done at the dinner area. Nor is it done with spikenard. Usually the oil is dabbed on the person's head as a perfume. To attend to someone's feet was the lowliest task of a slave- expressing Mary's humbleness and devotion. And she used her hair to wipe his feet, meaning she had to let her hair down in public- something a good Jewish woman would never do!

Judas then makes the statement about selling the oil and giving the money to the poor. Judas had not been approached by the religious leaders yet, so betrayal was not on his mind. Was Judas angry at Mary's devotion and love for Jesus that he wanted to humiliate her? Was he angry at her lack of social morals (letting her hair down)? We know he is a thief and also the money-keeper for the disciples. Did he want to line the coffers for his benefit? Why did he say what he did? 

Jesus corrects Judas, commenting about His burial?! We would never comment on the cost of someone's funeral, so it wasn't appropriate for Judas to comment as he did. And what is Jesus doing talking about His burial?! But there is no response to those words! Did people even hear what Jesus said or were they too shocked at Judas' comments?

Chief priests were mostly Sadducees (v 10). Sadducees do not believe in resurrection, yet here is Lazarus- living example of resurrection. So they had to get rid of him and also get rid of Jesus because of the miracle of resurrection He did for Lazarus. Jesus was getting quite a following, especially after the resurrection of Lazarus, and the religious orders didn't like losing people to another!

We now come to John's interpretation of Palm Sunday- Jesus' entry to Jerusalem (vv 12+). The crowd is not unusual since all Jews were required to be in Jerusalem for the Passover. Many had lambs as the requirement was that the sacrificial lamb had to live with the family for at least three days (Hmm...three days!) Josephus, a reliable Jewish historian, tells that one year a census was taken of the lambs slaughtered for Passover; the number was over 250,000 lambs!! Palm branches were a symbol of Jewish nationalism since the time of the Maccabees; the crowd looked to Jesus as a national savior (not necessarily a spiritual savior)! The crowd shouted "Hosanna" which means "save us now"; they were looking for Jesus to save them from Roman oppression. Jesus come in riding on a donkey (symbol of peace) not a horse (symbol of war). Many were there from hearing what Jesus did to Lazarus. If Jesus could resurrect the dead, what might he be able to do to help us fight Caesar and Rome! Jesus' popularity was "offensive" to the Pharisees and other religious authority; they are afraid of what might happen during the festival!

To the Greeks (remember, likely Gentiles or pagans) (vv 20+) and their interest in Jesus. They may have been Greek converts to Judaism coming to Jerusalem for Passover; they may have been Greeks who respected Judaism but didn't convert; they may have been travelers that were interested in seeing the Passover festival; maybe they just wanted to meet Jesus. When they expressed an interest in Jesus, Jesus responds with "Now is the time" (v 23). Several times before, Jesus said, not now. However, when these Greek Gentiles came, the time was then. An invitation for the Gentiles to come to Jesus? Jesus never really responds to the Greeks; we don't know the end of this commentary. 

Jesus makes a profound statement (and I have used this at many funerals), "Unless a grain of wheat falls to the ground an dies..." (v 24). Jesus is saying that He must die to create life. Think of the people in your life that have made an impact on you and how their death made you a better person, trying to emulate them. 

Jesus speaks about his impending death. Jesus knows what is going to happen; Jesus is visibly shaken and disturbed; Jesus is in deep prayer and thought with God (vv 27-28). God responds (v 28) and the people hear it! Can you imagine being there hearing God's voice?! Oh what a fearful yet beautiful experience! Jesus proclaims his coming execution and the casting out of Satan from the world (vv 31-33). Jesus assures the people that He will be with them a short while longer (v 35); Jesus' earthly light and ministry will soon be extinguished, but the call continues to follow Jesus.

Jesus goes into hiding and the people begin to question- again (vv 37+). John presented many great miracles, yet the people still were questioning Jesus and Jesus' messiahship. It is interesting that John comments (v 42-43) that the religious authority was beginning to believe, and that is what scared them! Maybe Jesus was the Messiah- now what about us (the Pharisees and Sadducees)! If Jesus was the Messiah, they would definitely lose their following and power- then what!?

We then hear Jesus' last public words in John (vv 44-50). In this last public statement, Jesus emphasizes the themes to his public teaching, a call to follow, and a warning to those who don't follow. Jesus emphasizes his unity with God and the fact that Jesus is here to save people, not condemn. You can definitely sense Jesus' commitment and compassion here in these words. 

This chapter was full of emotions and feelings. A great but troubling read. This will continue for the next several days as we hear Jesus' farewell discourse-  a series of chapters (14 through 17) in John's Gospel (not in the synoptics) where Jesus has a heartfelt compassionate talk to his disciples. 

As an aside, at the suggestion of some, I am trying to arrange a question/answer time with a local rabbi about Judaism and Jesus. How many of you would be interested in something like this? Not sure if we would meet at the synagogue or if she would travel here. Details will come out eventually. Just looking for interest now.

I hope you enjoy the day and the readings.

Shalom+

Pastor Paul

John 11

 Good morning. I hope you all had a nice weekend and are ready for a full, action packed week of Bible reading!! Not much excitement in my weekend- so let's dig in!

The story this morning is the story of the resurrection of Lazarus. Jesus visits (several times) the home of Marty, Martha, and Lazarus in the synoptic Gospels- but in all these stories, Lazarus is well and it s more focused on the Mary- Martha "controversy". This resurrection story (the seventh "sign" in John's Gospel) is not in any of the other Gospels! There are several "explanations" why they don't have it; shockingly (?) the most common argument for the others not to have it- it never happened! I know that will open controversy- but just reporting the research I did! Another suggestion is that the other writers were writing during the time when Lazarus was alive, and if they had reported that he had been resurrected, the Jews may take offense and seek to harm him; John wrote this after Lazarus' real death, so no fear of retaliation.

Lazarus, the Greek form of the name "Eleazar" which means God is my help, is very sick and his sisters Mary and Martha come to find Jesus. We know Jesus had a close relationship with this family, so we would expect the sisters to come and seek Jesus, a close friend, for comfort. They didn't beg Jesus to come and heal, they just reported that Lazarus was sick (v 3). Possibly to start the prayer chain?! Jesus knew what was going to happen and reported, this sickness will not end in death (v 4) but will end in glory to God. Jesus doesn't hurry to Lazarus' home in Bethany (v 6). Jesus didn't need to rush. Imagine the pain and grief that Mary and Martha are experiencing. Their brother is sick and they can't do anything. We have all been there. 

Bethany is a small town in Judea, and Jesus eventually agrees to go to see Lazarus. Jesus could have healed Lazarus and could have raised him from the dead from a distance, but Jesus goes to the home. The disciples remind him of the stoning incident from before. Jesus willingly faces death to help a friend. On the way to the home, Jesus reports that "Lazarus sleeps" (Jesus' metaphor for death) and Jesus will go awaken him (v 11). The disciples are somewhat confused (yes, even in John the disciples don't always get it, although they seem more in tune with Jesus' messiahship than in the synoptic Gospels!). 

Then some odd (for the time being) words from Jesus. He clarifies saying, "Lazarus is dead, and I am glad I was not there" (v 14- 15). Thomas (called the Twin because he looked a lot like Jesus!) says that if Jesus is going to risk death  that they should all go with Jesus (v 16). If Thomas (yes, the one who doubted) only knew what he was saying!

By the tie Jesus gets to Bethany, Lazarus had been dead four days and his body had begun to decay. Four days is significant. Jewish tradition says that the spirit stays around the tomb for three days hoping and waiting to be reunited with the body. On the fourth day the spirit leaves and the person is dead dead (note that Jesus was dead three days- so his spirit was still waiting to be reunited- based on this Jewish tradition). Martha openly expresses her grief and frustration at Jesus (v 21). How many times have we said those words to Jesus, "If only you had been here!" Martha was not confident in Jesus' ability to resurrect Lazarus (v 23-24) but she does express trust in Jesus. Do we have that same trust and faith in Jesus? Martha expresses the knowledge of resurrection (thanks to the Pharisees) on "the last day", but she wasn't expecting Jesus to resurrect Lazarus (vv 23- 26). Martha confirms Jesus messiahship!

Martha goes to get Mary and we get a touching, emotional conversation between Jesus and Mary. I wish we could know the tone of what she said, was she angry? Was she sad? How did she say those words to Jesus? The grief and sadness of Mary and Martha move Jesus to weeping (v 35). The price of love is grief. Jesus shares our grief. Jesus weeps with us.  There will always be those who express their anger..."He healed the blind guy, yet he didn't save his friend from dying!" (v 37). How many times have we said something like that!

Jesus gets to the tomb and commands the people to remove the stone; they were active participants in the resurrection of Lazarus. The people could smell the decay that was beginning. We have all smelled that smell and it is quite a wretched smell- yet the faith of the sisters is amazing. They moved the stone. Jesus prays to God, standing up, looking up, hands outstretched. Lazarus walks from the tomb, still in the linen coverings (notice when Jesus is resurrected the clothes are folded neatly). Jesus has the people remove the cloths. The people are active participants in this miracle. 

As per usual- we get two reactions. Many believed (v 45). BUT (v 46+)!!

The religious authority convene a council and discuss. They affirm that Jesus is performing signs (miracles), but they are still not convinced of the messiahship (v 47). They feared that more and more people would begin to follow Jesus and that they would lose their following and power (v 48). We meet Caiaphas the High Priest (for the year, it "changes" every year- not really, but it is supposed to). Caiaphas prophesies Jesus' death, but notice John says "the high priest" said this; he doesn't call him by name in this sentence! The prophecy continues with the high priest saying people would gather as a result of the death of Jesus (v 52). In John, even the office of the high priest confirms Jesus' messiahship!

Time is drawing to a close and Jesus is now more alert and more cautious (v 54). He retreats to safety as the hour had not yet come. Passover is coming. The command comes from the chief priests (primarily Sadducees) and the Pharisees for the arrest of Jesus. Sadducees and Pharisees generally did not get along and agree on many things- but this one cause- the execution of Jesus- they could agree on and work together on.

We are close to the Passover celebration and Jesus' final discourse (chapters 13 through 17) as reported by John. The next few weeks of reading will be tough for us. 

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

John 10

 Another good day yesterday, capped off by our first "Snack and Paint" that was very successful. People had fun and laughed and relaxed!

"Nailed it!"

 The first story we come to is Jesus comparing himself to the "false shepherds" of Israel. Part of this is directed at the Pharisees that just excommunicated the man who had his vision restored by Jesus. They weren't doing God's work, so were trying to get to the sheep by a different door. Shepherds are symbolic of rulers and leaders- both good or bad. It was a common motif of ancient Israel.  At night, all the sheep in the town were held together in a common area; the gatekeeper/doorkeeper (v 3) had the responsibility of watching over the sheep for the night and ensuring that only the shepherds were allowed entrance. In this passage, Jesus is referencing himself as the shepherd. Sheep know their shepherds voice. I know mine know when I am calling them compared to when others are calling them- they respond to me but not to others! Are we trained to hear and respond to the voice of God?

In the next passage, Jesus references himself as the gate/door. Sometimes, a shepherd would stay in the field with his flock over night. In that case, they would have some type of enclosure (cave or stone/brick pen). When the sheep were safely in it at night, the shepherd would lie down across the door to keep sheep in and keep bad out. The shepherd at the door or gate would defend and fight for the protection of the sheep if something came in the night- to the point of giving up their life for the sheep. Sidenote- the word "pastor" comes from the Latin verb pascere meaning to lead to pasture, to set to grazing and the Latin noun pastor meaning shepherd.

In v 16, Jesus references "other sheep"- a direct reference to the Gentiles. Jesus sees as his mission to bring in the "other sheep" to the fold. We are included in Jesus' ministry! The goal is for one large flock with one shepherd. Will that ever happen?

Jesus seems to be making some crazy and radical claims (one shepherd, one flock, lay down his life...) that people really thought he was possessed (v 20)! He was either crazy or the Son of God! We look back at these writings and see the Son of God, but try to imagine people 2000 years ago!

The Feast of the Dedication is Hanukkah; it celebrates the rededication and cleansing of the Temple after three years of desecration by Antiochus Epiphanes (king of Syria, 164BC, the era of the Maccabees). The story of Hanukkah can be found in the book 1 Maccabees, part of the Apocrypha. Even after all Jesus has done, people are still questioning him and want to know if he is the Messiah (v 24). Their lack of belief (vv 25- 26) shows that they really aren't part of the flock (yet?) and that they are still lost and wandering. The shepherd imagery is strong and Jesus is trying to get people to believe, but the are just unwilling. The words the people hear are blasphemy (to them), and the people begin to stone Jesus (v 31), an "appropriate" punishment for blasphemy! Jesus pleads with them about the good deeds that he does and how these are all signs he is the Messiah, but the people really didn't want to believe. 

There are some that believe and Jesus' work continues despite what humans try to do (vv 40- 42). Still true today?

Another good read from John! Mid-next week we come to Passion week...very different in John compared to the synoptics!

Have a good weekend and see you all Monday!

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

John 9

 Good morning again. Another great day yesterday! It was a busy one for me but I was outside some and it was so nice!

The question asked by the disciple is not unusual (v 2). If there was something wrong with a baby when it was born, the assumption was that the parents sinned so badly, that God was punishing the child! Jesus responds with, "Sometimes things happen, but I can fix it." Like Jesus, we must work our opportunities when we can, because we don't know when we may lose the chance (v 4). In this story, Jesus takes all the initiative-- he goes to the man, he makes the mud poultice, but he expected the man to live by faith. Molding the clay reminds me of the Genesis story! I wonder what the response of the crowd was when they saw Jesus spit in the mud and then rub it in the man's eyes!

The man's hometown crowd was confused-- not knowing if he was the man that they had known (vv 8-10). How can anyone be healed from congenital blindness? The man struggles with convincing the crowd. Notice that the man doesn't even know Jesus' name (v 12). What does that say to us and about us?

The Pharisees are brought into this healing- Jesus did it on the Sabbath (v 13-14). That Jesus, stirring up trouble again! Jesus could have healed the man any day, but Jesus chose the Sabbath day. Why?

When questioned about who Jesus was, the man responded that Jesus was a prophet (v 17). His knowledge of Jesus changed somewhat. It was also a common thought that Jesus was a prophet. 

The Pharisees could not believe the man was born blind and now was healed. Could we? They even challenged his parents about this (vv 18-19). The parents aren't to sure, and they hedge their bets and stay safe by saying essentially nothing. If anyone stated that Jesus was the Messiah they would be removed form the synagogue. 

The healed man doesn't know too much about Jesus, but he knows that Jesus healed him (v 25)! It is hard to argue with that statement! The healed man even steps it up a notch and comments that the Pharisees seem so interested in Jesus tat they must want to become disciples! The healed man had some nerve to do that!! The man calls himself a disciple of Jesus. What a transformation- he went from not knowing him, to calling him prophet, to becoming a disciple! Sounds like some of us! Jesus had made such a powerful impact on his life! Yet, the Pharisees are still blind to Jesus divinity!

The healed man was removed from the synagogue. Jesus eventually catches up with him. Jesus calls on the man to fully believe in Jesus and the man does! Jesus healed the man, allowed him to face persecution from the Pharisees, and then called him to a system of belief.

Jesus closes this chapter with a brief discussion on spiritual blindness. Opening the eyes of the blind so tat they can see Jesus and those that think they are spiritual (Pharisees) their eyes will stay closed. Are our eyes open or closed?

Great story! Love this one!

Have a great day and enjoy time outside!

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

John 8

 Another great day yesterday! Got the lawn done- possibly last time this year. Spent most of the afternoon outside enjoying the sun and nice day! Today is my busy day...lectionary group, grocery shopping (yahoo) and other errands. I lead such an exciting life!

Today's readings present some challenges to us. It will be interesting to hear your thoughts!

There is some controversy surrounding this first story we read today. Some theologians think that it never happened and think it should have been omitted (partially because it seems as though Jesus approves of sexual immorality) and some agree that it happened, just not in this series of events. There are some ancient writings dating about the same time as John's gospel that tell a similar story, so it likely did happen. 

Jesus is in the Temple again (after spending the night at the Mount of Olives), and somewhat defiant of the religious authority; remember the day before the tried to arrest him to execute him, but he comes back to teach the people. The religious authority brought a women to Jesus that was suspected of adultery; they could have tried her privately (as was commonly done), but they wanted to make this as public a scene as possible. Big question- where was the man? Was he guilty too? I assume not (just kidding, being snarky!). From a legal aspect, adultery was tough to prove. Two witnesses had to say exactly the same thing and they actually had to witness "the act" happening. It wasn't enough to see two people leave the same room or even see them in the same bed, the witnesses had to "see" what was happening! Stoning was the appropriate punishment (v 5), but the standards were so high that it often didn't happen. They turn to Jesus- what would He say in this situation (v 5)?! Defy Mosaic law or be extremely harsh to the woman?

Stooping down (a position of lower status, humility), Jesus writes something in the dirt of the floor, seemingly ignoring them (v 6). What did he write? We have no indications of that! some say it was the sins of the accusers, some say it was the Mosaic law about adultery, some say it was just scribbles and doodles, some say it was the names of the accusers. He eventually stands up and states, "He who is without sin cast the first stone..." (v 7). Explanation is needed- Mosaic law says that the person that is the primary witness must be the one to cast the first stone. Jesus essentially challenges them saying, we can execute her, but we are going to do it the right way. So who saw her. Oh and by the way, where is the man! Jesus stoops down again to ease tensions.

Humiliated, the religious authority leave the Temple. Likely oldest to youngest because the oldest probably had more sins accumulated than the younger!

Jesus was left alone with the woman. Nobody is left to condemn her, and Jesus can't because he didn't witness anything. Jesus, having no sin, could have cast the first stone, but he took her sins upon him- especially as he was in the stooped position, probably being even lower than her. He tells her to go and sin no more, Repentance and redemption. Hope for a better future. 

Jesus goes back to teaching (it seems as though this woman scene interrupted the prior activities). Light is a powerful symbol, especially during the Feats of the Tabernacles. Many of the ceremonies of the week focus on light (God led the Hebrew people with a pillar of light), so for Jesus to call himself the Light of the World was significant for the Jews. Consider also the contrast to the darkness of the men that just brought the woman to Jesus. We know Jesus is the Word (1:1), it also makes sense that Jesus would be the Light too! Jesus just proclaimed that He was the Light, but the Pharisees couldn't "see" it, so they asked for witnesses! They couldn't see the Light because they were blinded to the Light.  Court trials needed two witnesses, Jesus is one and God is the second witness (vv 17-18). The Pharisees ask where his father was. This was actually a slam on Jesus as there was controversy about his virgin birth and that his birth was not miraculous but scandalous!  They were looking for some hostile response from Jesus. No response other than more discussion of God and heaven!

Jesus knows he is going to heaven; he also knows that his accusers are likely not going to heaven and so where Jesus is going, they cannot come (v 21). The religious authority assumed that Jesus was suicidal with that announcement (v 22); suicide victims go to the lowest level of Hades, a place where the Pharisees were never going to go. Jesus and the religious authority do have different destinies, just not what they thought (v 23)! Jesus tries to get them to understand and to get them to believe that he is who he says he is (vv 25- 29). Jesus is persistent in his discussion, but cannot sway the religious authority. Others though do "convert" (v 30). 

To believe in Jesus is to abide in Jesus (vv 31- 32). When we live and breath Jesus, we will then know the truth and know goodness. The Jews believed that they would have salvation through their inheritance, being descendants of Abraham, but Jesus is saying that the way to salvation is belief in Him. This goes against all their teachings. What they were saying is, "we don't need you, we're good with Abraham!" Jesus agrees that they are Abraham's descendants in body, but not in spirituality (vv 39-40). They slam Jesus again, commenting about his "illegitimate" fathering; many people were not convinced of his virgin birth (would you 2000 years ago?!). The discussion goes around many times about Jesus coming from God and that if the people believed God then they should also believe Jesus. People just would not agree with Jesus and his "parentage". Jesus evens gets to the point were he calls the Pharisees "Satan's spawn" (v 44, my translation of the text) as they have the same desires as Satan does! Powerful conviction from Jesus!

The people fighting Jesus were not winning; Jesus was. So, they resort to name calling saying Jesus is a Samaritan (we know how well the Jews get along with them, so it really was a bad name) and that he was demon possessed and crazy (v 48)! Jesus calmly shuts them down and ends with the promise of eternal life to those who believe in Jesus. The fight continues, and Jesus ends with saying "I AM" (remember the voice coming from the burning bush that Moses saw?!) Jesus is saying that He and God are the same. I AM!

Blasphemy! Let the stoning begin (v 59).

Phew! Lots of action and discussion here today! I am tired from all the reading and name calling! And the childish behavior of the religious authority! But, what a great read! Nothing like this in the synoptics. Most all these lines from today point to Jesus as Messiah.

Have a great rest of the day.

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

John 7

 AAGGHH!!! Our heat came on this morning?! Looks like today is going to be a beautiful sunny day though! Yesterday was quite miserable- but I did have two really great conversations when I was out doing two important errands yesterday. One really spoke to my heart and I have been thinking hard about our talk. 

A brief comment about a common thread that most of you talked about from yesterday's reading. Vv 52- 57; the "eat my body, drink my blood" section. Jesus knew it wasn't literal, we know it isn't literal, but the people of the day didn't. It was a hard concept for them to imagine eating someone's flesh and drinking their blood. These words were used in the communion liturgy even in the early church and many Christians were harshly persecuted by Rome for their cannibalistic behaviors. This was a huge point against the Christians- that they were eating flesh and drinking blood! I often wonder what little children think when we say these words as part of our communion liturgy. When I offer the elements to adults, I say "the body and blood of Christ" but when it comes to a smaller person, I say "this is because God loves you." "Food" for thought!

We begin this chapter with some upsetting news- the Jews are already looking to kill Jesus (v 1). Seems early in his ministry! The Festival of the Tabernacles (Festival of the Booths, v 2) is a joyous weeklong celebration in late September- early October. Families camp out in temporary shelters as a memorial of God's faithfulness to the Hebrew people after their exodus from Egypt under the leadership of Moses. John mentions "his brothers" (v 3); yes, Jesus had brothers and possibly a sister. Mary was a virgin when Jesus was born, but her perpetual virginity isn't a guarantee (although Roman Catholics dispute the knowledge of Jesus' brothers and sister and keep Mary a virgin her entire life).  The brothers try to convince Jesus to go to Jerusalem- the center of Jewish life- to prove "on the big stage" that Jesus is the Messiah (vv 3-4). Partly this was help help the brothers unbelief, partly to advance Jesus as Messiah. How must it have been for the brothers and sister of Jesus?! Jesus bluntly says (v 9), "I am not going!" But, then look at the next verse?! Common thought is he went not for public attention, but essentially snuck in to the festival, unnoticed. Typically people would come to the festival in big family caravans and there was lots of fanfare and attention. It was a happy time. 

The people were looking for their messiah (v 11)! They were looking for the one who would save them,. surely Jesus would be at this festival! They wanted their messiah NOW! Like our current political figures, some really liked Jesus and approved of him, some not so much (v 12). Even Jesus could cause dissension among people! They did their talking in secrecy in fear of retaliation from the religious leaders.

Jesus eventually went to the Temple and taught. Jesus never gives  up an opportunity to teach and proclaim the Kingdom of God. What about us? People were surprised. He wasn't a disciple of a great rabbi (as many teachers were). He was teaching truths, so they attacked his credentials. Jesus "avoids" the credential attack, but looks toward doctrine (vv 16-18). It was God who was my teacher! Jesus continues by declaring his sinlessness (v 18). Jesus talks about the religious leaders- they are "great" and know all the laws- yet they don't keep the laws. They are full of sin, yet live; Jesus who is sinless and follows the law is at risk of death (v 19)! This prompts the people to think Jesus is talking crazy, "You have a demon!" (v 20).

Regarding the circumcision discussion. It was permitted- and even commanded- to perform "negative work"  (i.e. taking something away) on the Sabbath. So, if a child was ready to be circumcised (8 days old), it had to happen- even if it was the Sabbath. So, Jesus is saying, if you can wound a man on the Sabbath,. why can't I help a man (referring to the man at the pool from a few days ago). 

The people of Jerusalem knew the religious authority wanted to kill Jesus, yet outsiders from other towns didn't know that yet (v 25). Knowing that, the people were surprised at Jesus' openness to teach. Jesus never shied away from edifying the crowd! Popular belief was that the Messiah would suddenly appear, like "poof" here I am suddenly. People question Jesus, as they know where he is from, so he really can't be the messiah- his appearance wasn't sudden as they expected (vv 27- 28). Jesus confirms again, very boldly, that he has come from God. An arrest was attempted, but somehow Jesus wasn't arrested. We don't know if people stopped the arresting officers or if Jesus slid away, but it wasn't time for his arrest (vv 30- 31). Jesus says that he will be with them a while longer, but then Jesus would go to  the one who sent him. The Jews and authority suspect that he will go with the Jews that are still in Greece as a result of the diaspora (v 35). The people are so confused (v 36)!

The Feast of the Tabernacles lasted 8 days. The last day was a more solemn prayer filled day thanking God for safety during the exodus.  This is the last time Jesus will address the crowd until his crucifixion. The feats emphasized the care God provided and a big emphasis was placed on the water God provided when the Hebrew people were thirsty. Jesus uses that imagery and tells the people that Jesus is the living water that God provides (v 37-38). Prophecies from Zechariah and Isaiah said that when the Messiah came, a river of water would flow from Jerusalem; Jesus is saying he is that river, just not yet (vv 38-39). 

Dissension still flows through the crowd; is Jesus prophet or Messiah? Well, he can't be Messiah because he came form Galilee and all good Jews know the prophecies say the messiah will be born in Bethlehem (they had forgotten or didn't know that is where Jesus was born!) and must be a descendant of David (refer to my message from this past Sunday!). Dissension still continues today about Jesus' messiahship!

The temple police were impressed with Jesus' words and went to tell the religious authority (v 45). The authority was upset that Jesus wasn't arrested and essentially say that the police are so stupid, because the "smart upper class people" (v 48) don't follow Jesus! Nicodemus (remember him?) was in the group of Pharisees; he comments to not judge too hastily (v 51). The religious leaders from Jerusalem and Judea despised the people from Galilee ("nothing good can ever come from Galilee"), and accuse Nicodemus of being a Galilean (v 52). In response to their comment, "no prophet has come from Galilee" (v 52)- Jonah, Elijah, and possibly Nahum and Hosea, were all from Galilee! The plot thickens!

What a great chapter. Full of excitement, tension, love. So many different aspects we are getting to read about! I hope you enjoy today's reading!

Shlom+
Pastor Paul

John 6

 Good morning! Fall is here! Beautiful day Friday and Saturday morning before the bottom dropped out! But it is time. Great weekend with Joseph. Sherri and I took him to the Cider Mill and Jackson's on Saturday. Cider Mill was fun and he loved watching the trucks on Nanticoke Avenue (that's his thing right now); Jackson's was cool and wet as it started raining just as we got there. He had fun anyway!

They went back home Sunday afternoon; the house is so quiet again! Hoping to see them in a few weeks.

This morning we read John's version of Feeding of the 5000. See if you can notice differences between John and the synoptics. Philip is from Bethsaida, so he would be familiar with the area and places to buy bread- is this why Jesus specifically asked him (v 5)? Jesus "allows" the disciples to work in the kingdom of God (v 6), even when Jesus knows what He can do. Philip then makes "the comment" that often comes up in church discussions, "Where are we going to get the money to do the work?!" (v 7). When we use money as a stumbling block, are we not thinking of the work God can do through us?

Barley bread was the bread of the poor. It (barley) was often fed to the animals as it was so plain. So, many of these people were probably the poor that had gone to Jerusalem for the Passover festival. I like that it was a small boy that saved the day. God can do amazing things even with small sources of goodness. What does that say to us?

Jesus, the Good Shepherd, "makes them lie down in green pastures" (Psalm 23:1-2) and takes acre of the people. Jesus gives thanks to God for even the smallest food and the many people are fed. The left overs are gathered and put together in baskets. Twelve baskets- symbolic of the 12 tribes of Israel. Jesus is enough for all people. 

As the people recognized the miracle, they began to believe in Jesus and fuel their hopes for someone to lead them. They wanted badly for Jesus to be their ruler/king (v 15), but Jesus knew that they were looking for a battle king not a messianic king, so Jesus retreats away from the crowd. 

The next story is also familiar to us- Jesus walking on water. Again, try to notice differences in the different gospels. Many of the disciples were fishermen, so they were comfortable being on the water at night (vv 16-17). Jesus was not in the boat with them and a huge storm comes up. It doesn't say that the men were afraid, they were just rowing to get out of the storm and get closer to shore. They were terrified when they saw Jesus walking toward them (v 19). Why were they terrified then and not in the storm? Are we more afraid of the storms or of Jesus walking toward us? Once they recognize Jesus, they take him on board and get to shore. What was the lesson here for the disciples (and for us)?

"The next day" (v 22) the crowd is somewhat confused. They saw the disciples leave in one boat, but didn't see Jesus get on it- yet he wasn't left behind either! They began searching for Jesus, ultimately find him with the disciples and then ask, "How did you get here?" (v 25). Honest question! Jesus then responds with, the only reason you're looking for me is you're hungry (v 26). I'm not sure how Jesus knew that, as there is no indication in the text they said anything about being hungry. Jesus then goes on to talk about how He is the living bread, the bread that will never perish. Jesus says that God's seal ("proof of ownership") is on Jesus. The people ultimately ask what works they need to do to please God (v 28). Do we sometimes ask that, what do we have to do to please God? Jesus responds with the age old comment "It is by faith" (v 29). We still sometimes get hung up on works and faith!

They then ask a question that must really get Jesus angry. Give us a sign so we can believe (v 30)! Didn't Jesus just feed 5000 people from five loaves of barley?! They are asking for Jesus to provide them daily bread as in manna that God sent. Jesus says, I am that daily bread! The people are stuck on earthly things and Jesus is trying to take them to the spiritual level. They were hungry (on both a physical and spiritual and physical level). Food solves all problems, right?! People have to have full bellies before they can have full hearts. How are our bellies? How can we feed those around us that are hungry for spiritual things?

The Jews begin to get angry at Jesus. Their thought was they were selected by God by virtue of their ancestry- and now Jesus is saying that to be "selected" you have to believe in God and God must draw you in(v 44)?! Jesus then goes on comparing Himself (bread of life) to the manna. With manna, you live for a day, with Jesus you live for all time.   

Jesus then asks/tells them some "strange" words: Jesus is living bread and to have eternal life one must consume him (v 51). Imagine hearing these words? No wonder the disciples and Jews are confused?  And to top it off, Jesus says we need to drink of his blood? What is this crazy talk?! We know what Jesus was saying, but did the original Jews know? Jesus rebukes their "carnal" thoughts and tries to convince the people of spiritual thoughts (vv 60- 65). Do we follow Jesus for "fleshly" motives or spiritual? These had to be tough words for the people to understand. People heard these words about eating flesh and drinking blood and decide to leave (v 66). Jesus turns to the 12 followers and offers them an opportunity to leave also (v 67). Peter then makes a bold statement, "Who else would we follow that offers what you do?" (v 68-69). Peter confirms that they believe Jesus is from God. This is very early in Jesus' ministry (in comparison to the other gospels) for them to acknowledge Jesus' divinity (but that is John's motive). Jesus say they were selected, even Judas. Again- early in Jesus' ministry we hear of a shocking revelation!

This chapter is filled with messianic talk and symbols. A great read and very interestingly different than they synoptics! Enjoy!

Have a great day!

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

john 5

 Good morning again. Yesterday was another good day. Short trip to Ithaca to knock off 7 miles of the Finger Lakes Trail: 4 miles in Danby State Forest and then another 3 in Sweedler Brook. Early lunch break (11AM) was at Chestnut lean to. A really great place to stop!

Joseph is coming for visit this weekend! I am picking him up this morning  for his first sleep over tonight and then Lauren will come down tomorrow for the rest of the weekend. I am excited!

It is unknown what festival is being referenced here (v 1). Purim, Pentecost, and Passover are the likely choices; there was already a Passover festival (turning over the tables) so that would be a year past- so not likely Passover. The pool John mentions has been excavated and is a real structure. There was a legend (?) that an angel would visit the pool occasionally, stir up the water, and the first person in after that happened would be healed. Why did Jesus seek out the lame man with all the others present (v 5)? Jesus instructs the man to pick up his mat (we have heard those words before) and get into the pool. After some discussion, the man eventually does that and is healed. Faith again- we talked about that yesterday in our two people (Samaritan woman and the man with a sick son).

The big issue- it was the Sabbath! Oh no! The man had no right carrying his mat or Jesus to cure on this day! Jesus had left the crowd, so the man responded that he didn't know who it was. Was he afraid of what the religious authority may do to Jesus? Was he afraid of what they may do to him? The religious authority begin to get angry and find reason to want to kill Jesus- healing on the Sabbath and calling God his father! They don't seem to upset at the healing- just that it happened on the wrong day?!

Jesus then begins a long discussion on the relationship between God and Jesus. Because of this, we gain quite a bit of information. Jesus is fully submissive to God and the work God does through Jesus. Jesus is a perfect reflection of God. You think the works that Jesus does were great- you have no idea what God can do! People should honor Jesus as they honor God. All of these statements are very messianic- pointing to Jesus as Messiah. Jesus explained that those that listen to him and hear what Jesus has to say will have everlasting life (reference back to 3:16). It is Jesus that will be judge- not God. 

Jesus continues with his discussion telling all who are there about his deity and eternal life and resurrection. The people- especially the religious authority- must really be shocked or wondering who this guy is! I would like to be there to hear the discussions and rumors of the crowd!

Jesus goes on to explain that he cannot witness to himself, but John the Baptist had been around talking about the coming Messiah. He is the witness that they need to listen to! John's work had been accepted for a while, and they trusted John- so for Jesus to say this was a big step in the belief of the people. In addition to John's witness is all the works (miracles) that Jesus has done- these speak volumes to who he is. 

Even with all these testimonies and witnesses, they still do not trust or come to Jesus as Messiah (v 40). Jesus must be really frustrated with their lack of acceptance. Pride has much to do with it- the religious authority was too proud of their positions to accept anyone else! There is reference to Moses and their rejection of Moses. The writings of Moses prophesy Jesus, and the current religious authority had rejected those writings- so in essence rejecting Jesus. If they didn't believe Moses, their patriarch- there is no way they would believe Jesus!

Some very messianic writing today! Wow! Much different than the synoptic gospels we have read before!

Have a good weekend and really focus on these writings!

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

John 4

 Welcome back! Another beautiful afternoon yesterday and another forecast for today. I am hoping to take advantage of that and get onto the Finger Lakes trail later this morning. 

Jesus was rising in popularity and the religious authority was "catching wind" of that. They didn't like when people took away their popularity, so confrontation was brewing. To prevent more conflict, Jesus leaves Judea and goes to Galilee via Samaria (vv 1-4) The road through Samaria was the shortest route between Jerusalem and Galilee, but "good Jews" avoided Samaria because "those people" lived there! There was much mistrust and hate between the Jews and the Samaritans. Samaritans were a mixed ethnic group of Jewish and Gentile; their religious background was a combination of Jewish tradition and pagan rituals. Samaritans were more disliked than the Gentiles! Do we have those people in our life that we just can't tolerate?

The well that Jesus stops at (vv 5-6) is steeped in Jewish theology. It is the site of an encounter between Abraham and God and God re-emphasized the covenant God made with Abraham. It is believed to be the burial site of Joseph and also the site at which Joshua made a covenant with Israel to make it a great nation again. A very religious site. And Jesus meets a Samaritan woman there (v 7)! And Jesus talks with her! Imagine that! Women typically come early in the day and in groups, so there is some indication that she was an outcast- even by her Samaritan sisters. The woman questions Jesus, I mean no good rabbi would ever speak to a woman, especially a Samaritan (v 9). Jesus' response, "If you only knew!" Do  you think she might have known something?

The "living water" is offered. Jesus and the others knew that people had to come every day to the well to get water ("you will thirst again"), but Jesus says the living water satisfies forever. Drinking and thirst are common themes of man and God's relationship. We are (or at least should be) thirsting for God all the time! Are you thirty?

The request from Jesus for the woman to "get her husband" (v 16) wasn't unusual. An extended conversation between a woman and a man (especially a rabbi) would be more culturally appropriate if a man (the husband) was present. The discussion of her "married life' comes up, and she is surprised at Jesus' knowledge. The conversation between the woman and Jesus then changes to a discussion of worship and tradition (vv 20-26). The Samaritans accepted the Torah as Holy, but disregarded the rest. In the Torah, Moses does set up this area as a place to worship, so she wasn't wrong there. But, as Jesus comments (v 22), you really don't know the rest of the story because you disregard the rest of the Bible (Hebrew bible, remember, no gospels at this time yet!). Jesus then makes probably one of the most profound and greatest statements, "The hour is coming..." (v 23)- to a Samaritan woman! Jesus tells the woman what true worship is- seeking and worshipping God in spirit and truth (v 24). Does that describe your/our worship?

The woman knows about the Messiah coming (so she has some religious training) and comments that the Messiah will proclaim all these things (v 25). Jesus' response, "Uh- I am the Messiah!" (v 26). The first revelation of Jesus' Messiahship is to a sinful Samaritan woman! What does that say about the Gospel? No response from the woman; I'd like to know what she said!

The disciples return and are shocked Jesus was breaking all the cultural norms- but nobody asked anything! The woman leaves and runs to the town to announce what just happened. She was so impressed with his love and compassion for even her, that she was excited to tell others! Do we get that excited? She must have been effective, because people follow her! One of the first evangelists was a sinful Samaritan woman!

Jesus turns to the disciples. They returned with food, but like the water with the woman, Jesus comments that the food Jesus offers is so much better! Do we hunger for Jesus? There are so many people that are hungering, but we seem to put off the work for another day (vv 35-36). Jesus says we should go and harvest now! The time is right! Are we harvesting or waiting? John the Baptist and others sowed the seeds of faith, and now it is up to the disciples to harvest the crop (vv 37- 38).

Remarkably, Samaritans came and believed Jesus was the Messiah (vv 39-42). No questions, but faith! Jesus stayed for a few days- imagine- a Jew staying with Samaritans for a few days! All on the witness and testimony of one person. There is power in our witness!

Jesus returns to his home territory of Galilee and they remember what he did in Jerusalem- even though he was a "local boy" (vv 43-45)

It was about 20 or so miles between Cana and Capernaum (vv 46- 47) and the nobleman walked tat far to talk with Jesus in hopes of getting Jesus to come to the home and heal his son. Jesus confronts him saying, "The only reason you are here is because  you have heard and seen things- do you really believe in me?" (vv 48). Jesus really tests the man's faith by saying "Go, your son is well." The man wanted Jesus to come, but he didn't. Do we have that much faith in Jesus? The son is healed and the man and his entire household believe. 

John comments- "This is the second sign..." (v 54). John's Gospel uses "signs" to point the reader to faith in Christ. The first sign at the wedding in Cana persuaded the disciples to believe; the second sign at the boy's deathbed persuaded the nobleman and his family to believe. The Samaritans believed without a sign. 

Another great chapter. Click here for a great modern rendition of the Woman at the Well.

Have a good day!

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

John 3

 What another great afternoon! Sherri had off so we spent quite a bit of the day outside getting yard work done. Getting ready for winter!!

Today is usually Lectionary group, but I have my one-on-one with the district superintendent this morning, so I will miss my group. Still errand day though!! Yahoo! 

In our first story, we meet Nicodemus- a member of the Sanhedrin- religious, educated, and influential. Nicodemus knows that Jesus is from God- a huge step of faith! We are not sure why he came to see Jesus at night. Some think he didn't want to be noticed by others, some think he wanted some uninterrupted time, some think that was the only time the two had an opening in their schedule. Jesus shatters Nicodemus' (and Jewish) theology. The assumption was that they would inherit God's kingdom by their racial identity (being Jew), but Jesus says that to inherit the kingdom, we must be born again. Nicodemus' response, "Wait? What?" Jesus confirms that what is needed is a radical transformation. Just being born from our mother (born of water, amniotic fluid) doesn't ensure our acceptance to God's kingdom. What assures us is our complete inner change- born from the Spirit. Nicodemus is a highly religious man, and now Jesus is saying that even he has to be reborn! What does that say about us?!

Nicodemus needs more help in understanding (vv 9-10). Nicodemus believes the Hebrew scriptures say that a person's heritage/ethnicity is good enough for being allowed into God's kingdom (v 11), but Jesus says it is more than that. Nicodemus should have understood, but he didn't; Jesus responds with, "I can't say anything more to get you to understand!" (v 12).  Jesus mentions the serpent in Moses' story (Numbers 21:4-9).  God instructed Moses to craft a bronze serpent wrapped around a staff; it would save anyone who was bitten by a poisonous snake (read the story for better understanding). Jesus is saying He will be like that serpent- raised up on a staff to save people. Serpents are generally symbols of evil, but the bronze one was made by being refined in fire (tested) so it is now "good" as Jesus is good. The caduceus is symbolic of healing and has some interesting stories to go with it!

Now probably the most quoted piece of scripture, John 3:16, "For God so loved the world..." This is probably the most powerful statement in all of the Bible. God didn't wait for the world to love God, God did this independently of us. The caveat that people sometimes gloss over- believe! It is our belief that gives us to God. God gave us light in Genesis 1 so we could be apart form the darkness; that same Light is given to us (v 19) so we could again be apart form the darkness. But we have to want that! I guess Nicodemus accepted that for now because that is the last we hear of him until chapter 7 (and then again in chapter 19).

Jesus comes to John the Baptist again. Jesus begins baptizing and John's followers seem to get upset (v 26). "Everyone is going to Jesus rather than you!" John essentially says he is the best-man at the wedding and Jesus is the groom (vv 28-29). People aren't here to see John- they are here to see Jesus! John then says, "He must increase and I must decrease" (v 30). This should be a statement that we all are willing and able to make!

John wants people to know where Jesus came from and what Jesus is all about (v 31). John can only talk of things in this world, but Jesus is different. Jesus is from God and knows the Godly things. John cautions that people should listen and accept what Jesus has to say or there will be a penalty (v 36).

Chapter three is probably a must read for everyone! It tells us some very basic yet important information: we must be born again, the Son of Man must be lifted up, we must decrease, Jesus must increase. Some great words in this chapter!

I hope you like this chapter! Have a great day!

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

John 2

 Good morning! What another great day yesterday! We have definitely been blessed these last few days with great days of sunshine and warmth! Wonder when it will end?

So the common theme in the comments from yesterday- "Where is Christmas?!" John seems to gloss over the birth and the infancy time of Jesus. Like you all said, can you imagine doing Christmas Eve based on John's Gospel?! There are just some things that have to happen Christmas Eve- scriptural or not!

The first story we have today is the wedding at Cana. John starts with the words, "On the third day..." Foreshadowing? Jesus' resurrection? I love this story on many levels- Jesus likes having a good time; Jesus wants people to have a good time; and he makes wine! I brew my own beer and wine, so I too turn water into wine and beer! Can you imagine running out of wine at a wedding? Note that the disciples are all there (v 2). When did Jesus select the others? Who were they? And Mary his mother is there. Mary was excited to have Jesus do something about the wine situation (v 3). Why? Notice Jesus' response is "Woman" not "mother"- there is a different relationship between Jesus and Mary at this point. Interestingly, some theologians say this is John's wedding and when he sees what Jesus does, leaves the bride! Another (the Mormons) say this is Jesus' wedding!

Jesus could have done anything with the water-wine situation- but he uses the stone jugs that are there (Jesus uses what He is given...hmmm! Jesus also uses the people around Him. He could have just filled the jugs himself, but used the people there. And it took faith on the part of the servants to take a ladle of "water" to the wine steward. Did they know it was wine already? Then why did they take the "water" to the wine steward?

The first miracle in John's Gospel. 

The next story is Jesus cleansing the temple. So, does Jesus do two cleansings? The synoptics don't have this until Holy week (three years later in Jesus' life). Or do the synoptic Gospels leave this one out (and John leaves out the Holy week one)? Hmmm...!!!

There may have been up to 2 million Jews in Jerusalem at the time of Passover. Jesus is definitely going to make a statement here! What the money changers were doing wasn't totally illegal- they were getting rid of the coins that had other emperors or gods images on them. The "illegal" part was they were making a profit doing it. Also, the selling of animals was needed. People travelled miles and miles for this festival. It was easier to buy the animals in Jerusalem rather than bring them from home. The animal sellers just made a huge profit. In addition, both of these vendors were in the court of the Gentiles, the only place in the Temple the Gentiles could gather- thus corrupting their worship space. Jesus makes a whip of cords (so that took time; and that was used also in Jesus' walk to Golgotha).

The Jews asked the question (v 18), "What sign..."- they were asking by what authority did Jesus have to do what he just did. It was an honest question. Jesus refers to rebuilding the temple in three days (v 19). Like the temple as in the building or the temple as in Jesus? Hmmm...more foreshadowing by John! John adds in that the disciples remembered this situation after Jesus' resurrection- so maybe they were listening!

Jesus stays in Jerusalem, performing healings and other miracles. The crowd believed in Jesus, but at a superficial level. They believed because of the things He did. Jesus knew what they had intended on doing and so would not totally commit himself to their actions. 

Another great chapter with some interesting "twists" compared to the synoptic Gospels. 

Have a good day and enjoy the reading!

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

John 1

 I am excited for this book and our discussions. We have all moved so far and really are getting the understanding of the New Testament. This book will challenge us! I am ready!! Although there is some "controversy" as to the author of the book, we can use "John" to reference the author. 

These first few lines are not only an introduction/ prelude to John, I also see them and the summary of John! The rest of the text focuses on and "explains" the Word, life, light, grace, truth, and revelation. 

John refers to Jesus as "the Word" immediately (Greek "logos") meaning Jesus is the definition of God. "Logos" means to put "sense" into our language; Jewish rabbis would refer to God by saying "the word of God". John sets up the beginning of the Trinity. God and Son, separate yet together; separate but not individuals; equal yet distinct. As an interesting side note, the Jehovah's Witness Bible (The Watchtower, New World Translation) reads as: "In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was a god." A little bit (?) different than ours!

John then describes for us the work and nature of "the Word"- Creator (vv 3-4) and Light (vv 4-5). Referencing back to the Genesis stories, John brings us the creation aspect of God. We are nothing without God; without God, nothing exists. Darkness was feared in ancient times; the Light gets rid of that darkness and keeps us safe and complete. 

John the Baptist is introduced as the announcer of the coming Light (vv 6-9). John was well received and many thought he was the Messiah, but there is definite words in John's gospel that John the Baptist was not the one. There was a large contingency of people that followed John the Baptist and was determined that he was the Messiah. We will read about John's testimony in vv 19-28.

John then gives us troubling (?) words (v 10). God came to the world that God had created, yet people didn't know God. Why is that true- why don't we recognize God? Some people did accept God, and they are known as "God's children" (v 12). 

The closest we get to a birth narrative in John is vv 14- 18, "The Word became flesh..." Wait? What? How can God's Word become living?! Imagine being an ancient Jew or Greek hearing these words! God would lower God's self to become a mere human? I mean, the Greek and Roman gods were super-human and would no way become human! Why would God do that?! And God came to us! We didn't have to seek God!

When questioned by the religious authority, John the Baptist denies his messiahship (v 20). I am not! But if you only knew how close the Messiah was! He denies that he was Elijah (as many though he might be the reincarnated Elijah) or a prophet. John the Baptist defines his role as "road sign: pointing people to Jesus the Messiah. John was really a messenger calling people to wake up and smell the coffee! Someone is coming that will change your life!!

"The next day..." (v 29) is an odd way to start this section as we have no idea when the last verse (v 28) happened! The common theological thought is that the time frame between v 28 and 29 is the 40 day temptation of Jesus by Satan in the desert. Common thought is John is still in the baptizing arena and Jesus comes back after his 40 day trial to check on John. John immediately draws attention to Jesus (v 29) by referring to a sacrifice (calling Jesus a lamb- a Hebrew Bible reference).

Although John was born first, he refers to Jesus' pre-existence (v 30). We then get John's interpretation of the baptism of Jesus (vv 32-33). 

John the Baptist is with two of his disciples (Andrew and probably John the author) and points to Jesus as "the Lamb of God" and the two follow after Jesus (assuming John the Baptist gave them permission!). John the Baptist was probably ok with them leaving! It was a memorable experience for the author as he remembered it was "the tenth hour" (4PM in the afternoon, v 39). Andrew was excited enough at meeting Jesus that he ran and got his brother Simon to join the group. Jesus renames him Cephas (Peter- we just read his epistles!). Each time Andrew is mentioned in John's Gospel, he is bringing someone to Jesus. For centuries, this is how the church has grown- a Peter has to be introduced to God by an Andrew! Are you an Andrew?

A quick trip to Galilee and Jesus calls Philip (v 43). In the other Gospels, we know that Jesus and Philip had been introduced several times and spent time together, so this wasn't the first meeting of the two. Philip joins the group and runs to get Nathaniel. Jesus compliments Nathaniel (v 47) as being an honest and sincere person. Jesus mentions "under a fig tree" (v 48); the rabbis would use this phrase as a way to say meditating on the scriptures and praying. Nathaniel was a holy man. Nathaniel immediately calls Jesus "Son of God" (v 49). This quickly in Jesus' ministry and someone already points to Jesus as the Messiah!

So much to drink in in the first chapter! Wow! God-overload here! I hope you enjoy this!

Have a great day!

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

John- An Introduction

 Sorry for not getting this out Sunday. Sunday was so busy! Church- followed by tailgate party in the parking lot- then Castle Gardens worship, then walk with Sherri and dog and then Sunday family dinner- then, of course, the Bills game!!

The Gospel of John is definitely "different" than the other Gospels we have read. The first three: Matthew, Mark, and Luke are called the "synoptic" ("syn-" same or similar; "-optic" eyes-- so literally, as seen through the same eyes) Gospels. They share many of the same stories with a slightly different viewpoint (depending on who the audience was primarily). John is often called the "Messianic Gospel" with the words all pointing to Jesus as the Messiah. 

• Clement of Alexandria (2nd C) called John "a spiritual Gospel" while the other Gospels set forth "physical things"
• Origen (3rd C) called the Gospels the "firstfruits of all scripture" while John was the "firstfruits of the Gospels"
• Augustine (4th C) said the synoptics were "Gospels of the flesh" while John was "the Gospel of the Spirit"
• Martin Luther (16th C) said John's Gospel is preferred over the other three because "it will show you Christ and teach you everything you need to know." 

John is probably best known for its poetic introduction, "In the beginning..." As we read, notice that it seems to be divided into two "sections". Chapters 1 through 12 called "The Book of Signs" gives us story after story  of amazing things (signs) that Jesus did (the word "sign" is used at least 16 times in these chapters and then not again until 20:30!) Chapters 13 through 20 called "The Book of Glory"  deals with the last week of Jesus' life. 

The author is anonymous, but at the end the words "the beloved disciple offered testimony to these things" (21:24). Church tradition has usually associated John with the beloved disciple. Interestingly, the "beloved disciple" isn't mentioned until 13:23, at the meal Jesus is sharing with the disciples. After that, the "beloved disciple" is mentioned several times- often being compared to Peter. Why was "the beloved disciple" not talked about during the first half of the book? As  you can guess- controversy about authorship is abundant! This text was composed probably in the 90s. In contrast, the synoptics were 60s and 70s; the Pauline letters in the 50s. The church in the 90s was under intense persecution and Rome was a dominant force, political and social tensions were high. We will notice that in the writing the author gives us.

We will also see that there is so much "new" information. Approximately 90% of the material in John is not found in any of the other Gospels. The text of John keeps Jesus in and around Jerusalem and extends his ministry to three years. The other Gospels  condense this time period and focus on Galilee. Jesus' words in John are long and philosophical; in the syoptics, Jesus is more abbreviated and concise. John is also uses symbols more than the synoptics. 

It is interesting what is not in John:

• no birth narrative
• no baptism
• no temptation story
• no transfiguration
• no parables 
• no exorcisms
• no call for people to repent
• no predictions of Jerusalem's downfall

This will be a very interesting read for us!

Peace+
Pastor Paul

1 Peter 3

 What another beautiful day yesterday eventually turned out to be! I spent most of the afternoon outside helping a neighbor and then doing some work around here. Gotta get ready for snow- it is coming sometime!

I have course of study today and tomorrow and then the first weekend in November. The class is on Contemporary Theology. Still unsure of what it is about and I already write a 10-page paper- well 13 pages!

Today is our last day in 2 Peter. Monday we begin the Gospel of John. Only a few more months and we will have completed the entire New Testament! We should celebrate!!

Peter begins with another reminder (see 2 Peter 1:12-13) of the sureness of the coming days and a reminder to be ready! He seems to focus on "the words" (v 2) rather than the thoughts of the Scriptures. It is more difficult for us today since there are so many translations and versions- the words sometimes get tweaked and we may lose meaning or the meaning may change some. 

Christians should not be surprised that there will be people that will make fur at the idea of Jesus returning. (Remember the story of Noah- similar situation!). The scoffers not only have an intellectual issue with Jesus' return, they also have a moral issue (v 3, indulging in their own lusts). The big question "they" have is "Where is He?" (v 4). We have waited over 2000 years- do we ask that same thing at times? I offer worship at Good Shepherd in Endwell once a month. I have built a great relationship with one of the guys there. John has been questioning the hope that we offer- hope of a coming Christ. He questions the return of Christ and I understand where he is coming from. He is still a Christian and believes. 

In the final days, there will be widespread judgment. The scoffers, since they have never seen anything even remotely similar, add that to their questionings. They seemed to have forgotten the story of Noah (v 6). What seems like a long time to us is but a brief moment for God (v 8). Think of how you felt in Christmas Eve as a child waiting for Santa to arrive- seemed like it took forever. But now, as adults, it is here before we know it! The line Peter uses is form Psalm 90:4, "For a thousand years in Your sight Are like yesterday when it passes by, Or like a watch in the night." What God promises, God will make happen. 

In light of the coming destruction of the world, we should continue living our lives seeking God and God's kingdom (vv 11-12). Peter calls us to continue living holy and good lives. Peter makes an interesting claim- that we can hasten the coming by prayer (v 12)? Not sure if I believe that- but that is Peter's opinion!

Therefore- keep living a good life, find peace, live in love, help each other worship God (vv 14). Essentially- live as the good people we have been living! We have commented on this before- but what a great place this could be if everyone just got along!! Peter turns to add some praise for Paul...there is some thoughts that they two didn't get along- so this may be slightly sarcastic in nature, but I don't know more about that!

Peter concludes with- since you know what's going to happen (v 17) and it will happen, we must remain steadfast and good. Let's all do that!

Have a good weekend and enjoy the beauty of fall!

I will post an introduction to John Sunday night and we will begin with chapter 1 on Monday.

Peace+
Pastor Paul

2 Peter 2

 Good morning! Yesterday turned out to be not too bad of a day. By afternoon the sun was bright and warm! What a great day to get out and do some yard work!! Today looks to be the same so get outside and, like my mom used to say, "Get the stink blown off you!"

Peter begins this chapter talking about false prophets and false teachers. This was a big issue in the beginnings of Christianity- and is still evident in the church today (and in the world for that matter!). Peter states this as a fact, not as a possibility. It is happening- and some of you may be the guilty party! Some of these false teachers (then and now) are quite popular (v 2), but they are sure to bring division and destruction. Why do people follow false teachers- do we not notice they are false?

Peter goes on to express his ideas on God's judgement of these false teachers. God cast wicked angels to hell (v 4), destroyed  the world (Noah, v 5), and condemned Sodom and Gomorrah (v 6). These are just there examples Peter uses to show God's judgement. In the same respect, God will save those that are righteous: Noah and Lots as examples. God knows how to save the good and condemn the wicked; God will be gracious to the righteous, but not so much to the unrighteous. Makes you think some doesn't it?!

These ungodly ones are proud, follow the ways f the world, despise authority, walk against the teachings of Jesus (vv 10- 11). Since these false prophets function in the carnal world, they are no better than the animals. They let their animalistic instincts take control and are doomed for death. These false teachers are dangers to the kingdom, deceiving people while corrupting the body of Christ. Their heart is set on the carnal world (v 14) as they prey on the unstable and equip themselves for selfish greed! "The unstable" seem to be most vulnerable to the false teachers. What can the church do for these "unstable" people? The reference to Balaam would have been familiar to the people of the day. Balaam was guilty of a great sin-- leading others to sin for his benefit; he was a wicked prophet- but not a false prophet; he did hear God's words, however he betrayed Israel and led them astray. Balak, king of Moab, "hired" Balaam to curse the children of Israel as they were beginning to come into Moab. THe morning Balaam left, he saddled his donkey and they began their journey. God sent an angel to stop this, the donkey cold see the angel, Balaam could not. As the donkey balked several times, Balaam gets off and starts beating the donkey. God then gives the donkey the ability to speak and the donkey says that God doesn't want Balaam to stop the Israelites. It is a fun story (Numbers 22-24). 

Anyway- I digress! 

The false prophets offer nothing essential for life (v 17). They talk nonsense (v 18). But people are attracted to them! What is the church's role in calling out these false prophets? Peter comments that it is better for people to have never heard of Christ than to know Christ and turn to the false prophets (v 21). Agree or disagree?

Some very relevant words for us in today's culture about false prophets! 

Have a great day!

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

2 Peter 1

 Good morning! Well, yesterday wasn't too bad- except for the gray and drizzle almost all day! Oh well, gave me time to get some inside work done and sit at the doctor for a while (regular appointment). 

This morning we begin 2 Peter. This is probably one of the least read pieces of scripture. It is difficult to understand and is very abrasive. It has a primary theme of God's providence (then why is there evil in the world) and the fate/destiny of the world. Although there is lots of biographical information (probably too much) and there are several references to the letter from Jude, many commentaries doubt that Peter wrote this letter. It was likely one of his disciples writing late in the first or beginning of the second century. We will go with calling the author "Peter" regardless of who wrote this.

"Simon" was his given name at birth; "Peter" was the name given by Jesus-- Petros is a Greek name meaning "rock" and comes from Jesus in John 1:40-42 ("One of the two who heard John speak, and followed Him, was Andrew, Simon Peter’s brother. He first found his own brother Simon and *said to him, “We have found the Messiah” (which translated means Christ). He brought him to Jesus. Jesus looked at him and said, “You are Simon the son of John; you shall be called Cephas” (which is translated Peter)" (NASB).

Peter reminds us that peace and grace are given to us, and multiplied to abundance! Imagine that! and not only peace and grace, but everything by God's divine power! We are even privy to God's knowledge if we would get our heads out of the sand and look to God rather than the world.  The promises that God makes to us allow us to leave this "worldly" view on things and look at life through the lens of God. 

But, we must live a life of faith and goodness. If we are living a "corporal" life, we cannot even begin to understand the world of God. Know that faith progresses to goodness, goodness progresses to knowledge, knowledge progresses to self control to endurance to godliness and finally to mutual affection- the love of God (sounds lots like Romans 5:4). If we have all of these things, then we are fruitful in Christ. If we lack these, we see more of the worldly view of things, we are unable to comprehend the God' aspect of our world (vv 8-9). We forget who we were before Christ and we forget what we went through. We are called by God (elected, v 10) to carry on the good news and promote the kingdom. If we see "these things" (faith, virtue, knowledge, self-control, perseverance, godliness, kindness and love) in our life, we know we are becoming more Christ-like. Like a sports team or ballet troupe, we need to continue practicing "these things" (v 12). We probably need constant reminders of "these things" so that we can focus on them  (v 13). Peter then adds a comment about the end of his life (v 14). Unsure if it was old age or the flames of persecution, but Peter feels his life is in jeopardy.

Peter then switches and solemnly swears and declares the testimony of the apostles was true (v 16). IN essence, Peter is saying that the life and times of Christ was not a fairy tale or fable! People did doubt the life if Christ though! Many people still look at the Bible as an accumulation of myths and fables. Really? But, I guess I can somewhat understand. 

It sounds like the author was a witness to the transfiguration  or the baptism of Jesus (vv 17- 18)! Reference to the holy mountain looks more like the transfiguration (Matthew 17:1-8, Mark9: 1-9, and Luke 9:28-36). Why not John?!

Having heard this through the voice of God makes Peter's message more prophetic (v 19). There are at least 322 Hebrew prophecies about the coming of Jesus. Peter Stoner (1888-1980;  Chairman of the Departments of Mathematics and Astronomy at Pasadena City College until 1953; Chairman of the science division, Westmont College, 1953–57; Professor Emeritus of Science, Westmont College; Professor Emeritus of Mathematics and Astronomy, Pasadena City College) calculated the probability of any one man of fulfilling only eight of these prophesies was 1 in 10 to the 17th power! Peter confirms that Jesus is the Light! I guess this points to Jesus as the one!!

Wow! Tough beginning! Chapters 2 and 3 are just as hard!!

Have fun reading!

Shalom+
Pastor Paul