Galatians 4

 Paul begins with a story about being a child (vv 1-7). Regardless of how rich your family may be, regardless of what you will inherit- you still have to follow rules. "Because I'm the dad!" is what I used to tell Morgan and Lauren...same thing here. When we "were just children" (Jewish ancestry) then we had rules to follow, but God has made the decision that we are old enough to inherit the kingdom! Interesting side note (?): in both Greek and Jewish customs, there was a definite age when children turned into adults; there was a big ceremony and the village celebrated. In Roman culture, the dad made the decision when the child was old enough (no set age). There was an annual ceremony, but all celebrated on the same day; during the celebration the boys would offer their ball and the girls would offer a doll to Apollo- signifying they were now adults and had no need for toys! Since Paul used the phrase (v 2b), "but when the children reach the age set by their fathers..." he was looking through Roman eyes, not Jewish. God decided when we were old enough to become "adults" (v 4) and gave us Jesus (our inheritance); Paul reminds us that Jesus was born human- so under the laws too!Not only were we removed from slavery to the Laws, but also then adopted as children of God (v 5). How does that make you feel? When I read those words I get a nice feeling inside! If we are children of God, then we have an intimate enough relationship with God to call God "Abba" ("Daddy") [or "Immah" ("Mommy")- my addition!] And we don't whisper it, we can cry it out if we need to (v 6)! Does it feel OK to have a mom/dad relationship with God or should there be something more formal?

Paul reminds the Jews (and the Gentiles), when you didn't know God- it was OK to live by the gods- but just remember- they aren't real! Only God is real! And if  you know God, then why do you need to go back to following the Laws that you used to follow (v 9)?! I can almost hear Paul saying, "Really!? After all the work I put in for you, you are still not getting it" The "false teachers" kept insisting on following Laws and the special festivals (v 10), but Paul insists it isn't necessary. Wouldn't it have been difficult to give all that up? Can you somewhat understand their feelings- both Gentile and Jew? How hard is it for us to sometimes give up our traditions (think especially of this fall/winter)?

Paul makes a bold statement in verse 12, "Be like me." What he says is, be like me and live the life that I am living, a life dedicated to God, a life of study and witnessing, a life of following Jesus. Paul is the model that he wants people to follow. Do we have those models for us in our life?

We really don't know what physical issue Paul is talking about in v 13. But he comments that even though I wasn't feeling well, I wasn't string and healthy...you still listened to me and you still liked what I had to say. Do we sometimes judge the message people give us based on their appearance? He continues (v 16) and basically says, now I'm healthy and ma back here- why do you not listen?!

Paul ends this section likening himself to a woman that gave birth( vv 19-20); after all, he did start the church in Galatia and I'm sure it was difficult work, and Paul just wants the best for his children, as we all do!

The "false teachers" kept reminding the Galatians that they were Abraham's children;  Paul reminds them of Abraham's two sons: one (Ishmael) from Hagar born the "regular" way; the second (Isaac) born from Sarah on a promise from God. Ishmael, even though Abraham's son, is still "slave" as were the people that wanted to return to the Laws; Hagar was likened to Mount Sinai where Moses received the laws from God. Then there is Isaac: born from promise, the new covenant, the symbol of freedom from the laws. Which son do we associate with" law or promise? As Christians, we identify with Isaac- a child of promise, not Ishmael- a child of law. In fact, Abraham sent Hagar and Ishmael away (v 30), solidifying that only Isaac (symbol of promise) would inherit everything God promised Abraham. Confusing, but the progression makes sense- read it again if you have to!

Remember, today is Friday. We take the weekend off, so I will post Chapter 5 commentary on Monday. Stay warm this weekend- this is how winters used to be!

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

Galatians 3

 Wow! Paul comes out harsh with the Galatians! Foolish people, bewitched (v 1)! Paul is saying that he can't believe their thinking is so cloudy, so unbiblical! Then Paul fires a question (v 2), "Just tell me-- where did you get the Holy Spirit from? That's all I need to know!" Here we get back to the entire question-- works or faith? One cannot get the Spirit from works- only through faith! God does what God does because of our faith in God, not because of what we do and how well we can follow the Laws (vv 4-5). Are there people that still insist that the Law is more important- that if they do enough good works- regardless of their faith, they are saved?

The next series of verses (6-10) refer back to Genesis 15, Abraham was not circumcised (that covenant hadn't come out yet) and Abraham had no children. God said (my words)- you just wait, I will make you a great nation. Abraham had faith that God would do what God said and Abraham believed God. Abraham didn't do any works; Abraham didn't follow any Laws; Abraham didn't have to do anything special- other than trust and have faith in God- to be made right with God. Paul emphasizes again- it is belief and trust in God that makes one right with God.  I can almost hear Paul saying, What part of this don't you get? Paul continues (v 7) by saying if you have faith and trust God, then you are a descendant of Abraham. The Gentiles were not direct descendants of Abraham (they weren't Jews), so they Jews would use their ancestry against the Gentiles. Do we sometimes use our "ancestry" against others? Paul continues to say it is faith that makes us right with God, not works, ending this series with the commentary about Jesus taking all the Laws that we couldn't fulfill and removing them from us, and acknowledging Abraham's faith that made Abraham right with God (vv 13- 14). Paul's entire premise in this chapter so far has been that faith in God is what sets us apart.

Paul says that the covenant God made with us through Christ is a solid covenant and there is no going back (vv 15- 18). Paul does speak of the Laws (vv 19- 21) and their purpose. They were essentially developed to keep people from doing wrong. The Laws were there to keep us pure and Holy before the Messiah would come. Some laws are essential- but not to the extent that there used to be in the Hebrew texts. Before we lived our life in faith, before we were saved by faith, we were protected by the law- showing us God's love, showing us the best way to live (vv 21- 25) Confused? I am! 

Paul makes a radical statement in v 26 "You are children of God through faith." Jews had lived under the idea that your obedience to the law made you a child of God. Paul (and Jesus) says, it is faith! Having faith means much more than believing that God exists or did certain things. It is to put our trust in God, both for now and eternity. Is that hard to do or easy to do- trust God for all time? The words Paul ends with remind me of "One Bread, One Body" (UMH#621) Gentile or Jew, servant or free, woman or man- no more! We are one body in this One Lord! May we all be united under our love and faith in God.

Enjoy the snowy day and stay warm!

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

Galatians 2

 Paul begins telling us about his second trip to Jerusalem (v 1); remember his first trip was three years after his Damascus Road experience (Galatians 1:18-19). This trip is 14 years later, so 17 years after Paul's Damascus Road experience (and so then 17 years after Jesus' resurrection). Going back to the first chapter, Paul emphasized that he learned the gospel from Jesus and God through the Holy Spirit...not by sitting at the feet of the apostles. Barnabas and Titus are with Paul; Titus is one of Paul's most respected and loved disciples of Paul as he talks about him often (and he was a Gentile convert). Do you have a most trusted and respected follower? Who has been your mentor?

Titus was accepted even though he wasn't circumcised (v 3); this shows that the Jewish authority accepted Titus and Paul's interpretation of grace (remember- circumcision was required of all Jewish males, usually at birth, however if an adult male converted later in life, he would need to be circumcised; symbolic of the Mosaic covenant). We begin to see a movement way from "the laws" and a movement to openness and acceptance. Do/have "laws" in the church cause division? However, some of the "false brethren" demanded Titus' circumcision (v 4) and probably had the goal of causing dissension and troubles for Paul. Do you know of "false brethren" that like to cause problems by following exact protocol and "laws" without grace?

The "authority" of the church (probably the apostles) approved Paul's message (vv 6-7) and didn't add anything. Paul emphasizes again that his message was from God, not from man. Why do you think Paul continues to stress this point? He respects their apostolic authority, he just doesn't add to his message with their words.

The apostolic authority (vv 7) approved Paul's message of grace (non-Jews don't need circumcision to receive the grace of God). Paul's ministry was primarily to the Gentiles (v 8-9); Peter's ministry was primarily to the Jews. Paul is basically allowed to continue his ministry to the Gentiles, but to also remember the poor (v 10). Paul was very active in mission for the poor.

Peter approved Paul's ministry (v 9); however later, when Peter comes to Antioch (Paul's home church), he changed and wouldn't associate with the Gentiles (v 11+), especially when confronted by James  and a few other of the Jewish authority! How soon they forget that Jesus ate with the sinners, lepers, etc! How often do people you know change their behavior based on who they are with and who will possibly see them?

Paul confronts Peter (v 14) face to face, publicly! This was obviously a serious problem for Paul! Do we know people that say one thing and do something different? Have you ever confronted them? The point Paul is trying to make is for Peter to not be so hypocritical! Hmmm...sounds like the church- hypocritical! Imagine the scene: they are all at the church potluck lunch in Antioch. Everybody is getting along: Jewish Christians, Gentile Christians. Then some "real Jews" come in and Peter and Barnabas shun the Gentile Christians away from the table and have them go to their separate table to finish eating! Public humiliation of the Gentile Christians!

Paul continues with his interpretation of the Gospel (v 16): it is not the works that we do, the laws that we follow that justify us, it is faith and belief in God that justifies us! Paul firmly believes that the Gospel call is not for following the laws, but for having faith in God, and no matter what we do (as far as following the laws) doesn't improve our justification and salvation. These words are similar to those used by Martin Luther in the Reformation: justification by faith, not by works. That's the whole point of Christ! When Peter left the table, he was following the law, but Paul believes that isn't necessary-- what is necessary is faith in God. Thoughts?

Paul ends this chapter with some powerful words about his life (vv 19- 21). Paul doesn't say the laws is dead, Paul says that he is dead to the laws. The laws showed Paul he could never live up to the laws and fulfill their holy standards. That's also what Jesus was talking about for his ministry- the New Covenant. The laws make us guilty before God, not justified. As Paul understood these things, he began to realize that Christ was living inside him! Imagine the relief and feelings Paul musty have had. Do we experience that feeling- of Christ living in us? Paul ends (v 21) by saying, if all we had to do was follow laws, then Christ's death was a waste! Way to go Paul! The crux of the gospel in a simple statement!

Enjoy the rest of the day and think about these statements by Paul!

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

Galatians 1

 Paul begins with an immediate call of his authority- apostle, an appointed representative with official status- sent by God (v 1). In case you had any questions about this- he is saying you shouldn't! Paul says that there are others with him on this journey (v 2), but never mentions them by name, and the letter is written to all the churches in Galatia- not a single church. 

Paul addresses the churches with his customary greeting "Grace and Peace" (v 3); grace is Greek culture and peace is Jewish culture (Paul uses the word grace over 100 times in his letters; it is used less than 50 times in the other new testament books). Grace and peace are what constitute Christianity. Why do  you think Paul addresses the churches with these words? Paul continues with the "purpose" of Christ- to deliver us from the present day evil. Do we feel that Christ is doing the same for us- delivering us from present day evil?

Paul then gets to the real point of the letter. At this point, he usually adds a series of thanksgivings for the church he is writing to, but here he comments (v 6), "I can't believe you turned away from God so quickly!" Interesting that he added the words, so quickly...not that they turned away, but it was so fast. Paul started the Galatia churches just a few years prior to this. I have noticed some people in my time that are all excited and enthusiastic about church and God, and then suddenly seem to disappear and get tired. Why does this happen? Faith and belief is a long journey. 

Paul talks of "the other gospel" (v 7). Some translation say "pervert" the gospel. Is there another "gospel" out there? There are people "out there" that twist and turn God's story into something that it isn't. Have you witnessed any of the "perverted gospel"? Paul goes on to curse those that brought the wrong message (v 8)-- even himself or an angel if they are preaching the wrong words! And as if cursing them once wasn't enough, Paul goes on to a second time (v 9)! Strong words for a loving Christian! What does this say about Paul's love for God and the message of hope and peace and grace?

Paul goes on to talk about his authority (vv 11- 12), something that he does often in his letters. Most people hear of Christ through others, but not Paul. He heard it directly from Jesus on the road to Damascus (v 12). That confirms his authority- Paul received the message from a primary source! I have had to "defend" my authority to preach/teach a few times in my career. People have questioned me about my calling. Have you had to defend your calling?

I love Paul's story in the remaining verses of this chapter. I'm sure you heard about how I used to be (v 13- 14): I wanted to be Jewish so badly, I wanted to follow the laws, I wanted to be committed to my family. But God had other plans (v 15). Oh, God and God's plans for us! How has your life been changed by God's plans for you that were probably different than your plans? Paul (in v 15) uses words similar to what God said to Jeremiah (1:5), "Before I formed you in the womb I knew you, And before you were born I consecrated you." How does it feel that God has plans for you? Paul essentially says he was called to convert from Judaism to Christianity (v 16). How does that settle with you- God calling someone to convert? Paul continues his story of conversion and tells us it was three years before he went to meet with the original apostles (v 18)- he learned much of the good news on his own- not from the apostles. Do you think it matters who he learned it from? What about us? It was odd that a new convert (especially one that persecuted so much) didn't meet with the original apostles sooner than three years.

Regardless of his training and his former life, the churches believed him (vv 22-23). Have people questioned your transformation? And when you witness to hem, do they believe you?

That's all for today. Enjoy the rest of the day and be safe!

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

Galatians- An Introduction

 Our next reading will be the Letter to the Galatians. We begin this on Tuesday, January 26 (tomorrow). 

Paul's letter to the Galatians is sometimes called "Paul's angry letter" and it is the only letter that does not start with words of thanksgiving and praise to the people he is writing to! He begins with his customary introduction, but then starts slamming them for their deserting God and the Gospel! It will be an interesting read for us-- and brief (only 6 chapters).

Paul, also known by his Hebrew name Saul of Tarsus, is probably the most well not "apostle" of Jesus (although not in the original 12) because of his spreading of the gospel message to the world. He established many Christian churches from mid-30s to late-50s. In an ironic twist of fate (you all probably know the story) Saul had a primary goal of persecution of Christ's followers. Saul was walking to Damascus to go after some Christians, and had a "chance" (?) meeting with the ascended Jesus (Acts 9), was blinded for three days, and his vision restored by Ananias of Damascus. He then converted to following Christ. Paul is credited with half of the new testament books (14 of 27). He is the undisputed author of some of the epistles, and some are assumed to be written by his disciples (a common practice).

The churches Paul write to were located in a Roman occupied area of modern day Turkey (right map) called Galatia (left map); the "Galatians" were those people that were descendants of Celtic tribes, and they lived primarily in the northern area of Galatia. 

Historians are not exactly sure of the date of the letter, but it is estimated around 48AD (Paul wold have been in Antioch at that time). Keep in mind that the gospels were written in the mid-60s to 90 AD (Mark, the gospel we just read was written around 65-70AD), so this letter (as do all the epistles, I think) pre-dates the gospels. They are not sure of the exact audience either-- is it the northern territory or all of Galatia? It is known that these people Paul writes to are Gentiles converted to Christianity by Paul (a few years prior to the writing of the letter), but then began to sway away from the fundamentals that Paul taught them: justification by faith alone, no need for circumcision, the authority of Christ, stop self- indulgence, become servant to all, plus a few others.

Interesting side note: I am taking a class on the Reformation in Europe (Luther, Calvin, Zwingli). This letter and the letter to the Romans are key to some of the doctrinal controversies that "caused" the split to Protestantism.

I look forward to reading this letter with you and discussing Paul's thoughts.

Mark 16

 Happy Easter!

The first time available for women to prepare Jesus' body was sunrise Sunday morning. The Sabbath ran from sundown Friday until sunrise Sunday- these must have been some very dark days for Jesus' followers. The women (v 1) come, these are some of Jesus' most devoted followers, and bring spices (v 2) primarily to cover the stench of rotting flesh. But, they ask the question (v 3), "Who will move away the stone?" telling us that they didn't believe in the resurrection; they weren't expecting an empty tomb! Would  you have expected the tomb to be empty?

To their surprise, the stone has been rolled away already (v 4)! The women look in and see an angel (vv 5-7) proclaiming Jesus' resurrection. Notice the words the angel uses..."Jesus was crucified...He is risen..." We hear no actual accounts of the resurrection in any of the Gospels, but we hear of the evidence in each of them. All slightly different though! The angles shows them where the body was and that it is gone. Wouldn't it have been enough to just hear the words, "He is risen" or would you want to see?

The angel instructs the women to Go and tell (v 7), but they don't really do that (v 8). Would you have run and told people or kept it quiet?

Then there is this strange footnote and brackets " verses 9-20 are not included in the two best and oldest Greek manuscripts of Mark."That's it...this could have been the end of Mark. How would that ending have been? So, how reliable is the Bible? Does this section (vv 9-20) really belong? The text isn't found in many of the original and translated manuscripts and the grammar and sentence structure is different than the first 15 chapters of Mark. So...what do you think?

Back to the text. Jesus appears to Mary Magdalene first. Mary was probably Jesus' closest female friend and probably one of the few true female disciples. Jesus tells Mary to go tell the others (v 10) but they didn't believe her (v 11) probably because she was a woman! Would you have believed her? Jesus appears to two others on the road to Emmaus (vv 12- 13); they go back and tell the others- and still they didn't believe! And they were likely men! Would you have believed them?

Jesus finally comes to the eleven (v 14). Why not 12? Jesus has a talk with them about their lack of faith and unbelief! Can you imagine how they must have felt- especially after being told by three separate people Jesus had resurrected?! Then they get their final marching orders- Go! The story of the commissioning of the disciples is more detailed in Matthew. Jesus then ascends to heaven in the final verse (v 19). Imagine the disciples now. Jesus died on Friday. Resurrected on Sunday. And now Jesus is gone again! They must have had a roller coaster of emotions!

This is a great way to start the week- hearing of Jesus' resurrection!

The next book we read is Galatians. I will post a brief introduction to Galatians later Monday or Tuesday morning and then chapter 1 commentary on Tuesday also. 

Have a great day! 

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

Mark 15

 This chapter is Friday of Holy Week...no matter how many times I have read and talked about Jesus' crucifixion- it upsets me each time.

The time frame with this first verse is important...immediately in the morning. Roman rule was that work could not start before sun up- so the "trail" of Jesus couldn't have started before then. Jesus was taken to Pilate, Jews couldn't condemn to death, so they had to have a Roman leader do that. Pilate was known as a mean and vengeful leader, cruel and insensitive to others;; historically- he also has a know dislike for Jews-- this may have caused him to have some suspicion about them sending Jesus to him! Jesus couldn't be asked if he was God (or a god) because Rome had plenty of gods- what would one more mean, so Pilate asks the question- are you king (v 2)? I like Jesus' response (at this point I still imagine him with a snarky tone, but I don't know if he would have the energy to do that). Jesus responds with- That's what you say! How would we respond if someone asked you if Jesus was king? Jesus can't say yes- otherwise he would immediately be condemned to death as Rome could only have one ruler/king.No other response form Jesus. Do you think people were expecting a response? Was Pilate expecting more?

Pilate "knew" or assumed Jesus was innocent (vv 6-14) as the leading priests brought Jesus there because "They were jealous" (v 10). Pilate thought he may have had an out- they would request Jesus be freed and Barabbas would stay on death row as he was convicted for treason (v 7). Pilate wasn't a fan of the chief priests, so this was a way to "get back at them."

When asked who should be set free, the crowd selects Barabbas (v 12- 15)- after all- he was an enemy of Rome! What a way to get back at Rome! The last chapter was about Peter's denial of Christ. What about the denial of Christ by "the multitude" here in Jerusalem? Contrary to "popular belief", Pilate was trying to be a good person and trying to let Jesus go free. I think sometimes Pilate gets a bad wrap (like Judas) in the death of Christ. He probably could have done more, but he was tied by the law too and had to save face when he went back to Rome. Jesus was sentenced to crucifixion.

The first "step" in crucifixion is the scourging or whipping (v 15). From a resource I have: “As the Roman soldiers repeatedly struck the victim’s back with full force, the iron balls would cause deep contusions, and the leather thongs and sheep bones would cut into the skin and subcutaneous tissues. Then, as the flogging continued, the lacerations would tear into the underlying skeletal muscles and produce quivering ribbons of bleeding flesh. Pain and blood loss generally set the stage for circulatory shock. The extent of blood loss may well have determined how long the victim would survive the cross.”

The purple robe was probably a cast off piece of Roman clothing; purple was the color of royalty. More beating continued. The Roman solders were in a high state of alert, as the Passover was a time of messianic expectation, and this probably added some fervor to the beating. 

The crossbar of the crucifix (typically between 80 and 100 pounds) was tied to Jesus' hands; he was likely stripped naked for added humiliation. The walk to Golgotha begins. Simon of Cyrene (about 800 miles away), probably in Jerusalem for the Passover was required by the Roman guards to carry the crossbeam; the idea was to keep Jesus alive until the crucifixion as death from crucifixion was more of a deterrent than "regular death" How would you have felt having to carry Jesus' cross bream? Is this what Jesus means when he said "carry your own cross"? Just a quick new thought for me. The man's name was Simon from Cyrene- where was Simon Peter, the disciple that just denied Jesus the night before?

Jesus' crucifixion happens on Golgotha, "The Skull", located just outside the city gates- as a warning to people entering Jerusalem- this is how we treat criminals. The place may have been called "The Skull" form all the bones and skulls littered around from the many crucifixions that have occurred.

Jesus was given an opportunity to numb the pain with an analgesic (v 23); this (wine mixed with myrrh) was frequently done by women that watched the crucifixion as a way to help decrease the sensitivity to pain. Jesus refused (v 23). How does that make you feel- Jesus chose to feel the entire excruciating pain of execution for you?

Jesus is raised up on the cross. Two criminal, one on each side, are with him (v 27). In Luke 23:39-43, we hear one of the criminals ask for forgiveness. The criminal is the one who really knows who Jesus is at this point! The mocking continues, now from Jewish brothers and sisters (v 31- 32) rather than the Roman guards. I think some people did have faith in Jesus and they did want to do something great at this point. They were still expecting Jesus to be a king and take over the government. Disappointment in Jesus had really set in. 

As Jesus dies, he recites Psalm 22 (v 34); Jesus had never experienced separation from God- until this point in Jesus' life. Where was God when Jesus was on the cross?

The people at the base of the cross misheard Jesus thinking he had cried out for Elijah; Jesus cried out "Eloi" not Elijah (v 36b). Out of all the words Jesus spoke, this is the only one people really listened to, and they got that wrong too. Do we really listen and hear what Jesus has to say?

Upon Jesus' death, the veil of the Temple was torn (v 38)- top to bottom- indicating God tore it- not humans! I think some of the saddest words at the crucifixion are the words from the Roman centurion (v 39b) when he says, "This man really was the Son of God." We then have a list of Jesus' most faithful  disciples (v 40). Would you have been in that list, or would you have deserted Jesus?

Joseph of Arimathea went to Pilate to ask for the body. Customarily, executed people were left on the cross until they rotted or were eaten by scavengers; they didn't even get a proper burial, however, the Jews wouldn't have wanted a body on display like this during the Passover. Pilate grants Joseph's request. 

Jesus is removed from the cross, wrapped hurriedly in linen (it is close to sundown on Friday and the Sabbath will be here soon) and moved into the tomb that was purchased by Joseph of Arimathea. They wold come back later, after the Sabbath, to finish the proper burial for Jesus...or would they?!

It is interesting that we read the chapter of Good Friday on a Friday! 

When we com back on Monday we will finish with chapter 16 of Mark and then begin our next book- Galatians!

Have a great weekend. Stay warm!

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

Mark 14

 This chapter is Thursday of Holy Week.  The leading priests didn't want to cause a riot, so they wanted to arrest and kill Jesus at another time rather than the Passover (v 1). Jerusalem was filled with thousands of people at this time-- not the time to kill someone!

The first story is a touching story of love and dedication. Mary, the sister of Lazarus, opens a bottle of nard perfume and pours it onto Jesus' head. It was customary to dab oil onto the foreheads of visitors, but to pour a whole bottle was extravagant. However, this was Jesus. Mary seemed to know more than the average person did. She did it without speaking without any indication. Imagine if we could do without talking! People (in John we know it is Judas) become angry that she "wasted" a year's worth of pay on thus perfume (vv 4-5) Judas was concerned "for the poor: but we assume it was the money could have gone to the common purse that he would have had a share in! Do we get upset with what we see as extravagant spending in the church?

Jesus chastises the crowd (vv 6-9) and approves Mary's sacrifice  in preparation for his burial. Did Mary believe more than the disciples? Did she know something that was hidden from the disciples and others? Did she listen with open ears? Do we listen with open ears?

I do wonder about Judas (vv 10-11). Why him? What happened? Was there anger? Did he want to hopefully push Jesus to do something dramatic? What was his motive? What is our motive? Whatever happened, the religious authority was pleased? Can you imagine being pleased at plotting someone's demise?

Jesus goes and prepares and eats the Passover meal with his friends.How must Jesus have felt during this time? The disciples must have been surprised when Jesus announces that one of them would betray Jesus (vv 17- 21)...especially Judas. He could have recanted, but he didn't? How many times have we been in Judas' position? Imagine the suspicion in the group...looking around the table! Judas is identified as the most notorious sinner of all times. I do wonder about Judas. Why? What happened? Was it really just greed? Was he wanting Jesus to do something great like he said he was going to do? Do I act like Judas at times?

The Passover meal had symbolic significance to the Jews...and now Jesus add another layer to that...without explanation (vv 22-25). Take...eat...this is my body. Take...drink...this is my blood. A symbol of the new covenant. Take...you have the option to refuse! Eat...it will provide sustenance for life! And then Jesus sang  (v 26)! We don't hear of Jesus singing often...but he did! Who could sing on the night before their crucifixion? What did he sing (I assume one of the Psalms)? Even in our darkest moments- sing to God!

They go to the Mount of Olives (vv 27- -31) and Peter responds, "I Will never leave you? (my translation). Jesus responds, "Oh yes, even you Peter!" Imagine how might Peter feel? 

We come to one of the most troubling parts of the Gospel for me. Jesus prays to God to remove the torture and pain that he must endure. He pleads with God to stop what is going to happen.Jesus has the love to say at the end- Whatever your will dear God.  How must Jesus have felt at his point? Jesus was really alone at this point as he comes back to find his most trusted disciples asleep (vv 37- 42)...several times! How often have we fallen asleep on Jesus?

Jesus is turned over with a kiss from Judas (vv 43- 46). How often have we turned Jesus over with a kiss? Jesus seems almost to be willingly arrested as he says the scriptures mus be fulfilled. What dedication to God! Everyone scatters! Afraid, they desert Jesus! How often have we deserted Jesus? (Aside-- the naked man is assumed to be Mark, the author of the Gospel, It was his way of saying "I was there!")

The trial of Jesus (vv 53- 59) was totally illegal according to Jewish law. There was much in the Jewish legal process to protect the rights of the accused, and all of this was ignored and deliberately broken by those who were determined to put Jesus to death.Jesus had the opportunity to respond to the trial, but said nothing (vv 61)  Jesus opened not His mouth; He was led as a lamb to the slaughter, and as a sheep before its shearers is silent, so He opened not His mouth (Isaiah 53:7) Why didn't Jesus say anything? The humiliation of Jesus begins with hitting and spitting (v 63- 65). Why? 

We come to probably one of the most difficult parts of this chapter- Peter's denial (vv 66- 72). Peter denies knowing Jesus three times. Have we denied knowing Jesus for fear of what may happen to us?

The image below is a statue of Peter -denying Jesus at the Church of Saint Peter in Gallicantu...notice the rooster at the top of the column

Interesting comparison- both Judas and Peter denied Jesus. Do you?

Tough day with all the drama. Tomorrow is a tougher day--- Jesus' crucifixion.

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

Mark 13

 This is a quite difficult chapter to understand with conversation of the rapture near the end of the chapter. It is hard because we don't know exactly when and we don't know exactly how! The events of this chapter are likely happening on Wednesday of Holy week as the next chapter (chapter 14) tells us about the Passover meal.

We begin this chapter with the admiration of the Temple in Jerusalem. The Temple took Herod (and others) approximately 80 years to construct! It was a marvel for all to see...but that began to be the problem. The Temple itself was becoming more important than God in the view of many people. People began to worship the Temple proper. Do you think people today sometimes worship the church building more than God? Jesus foretells the destruction of the Temple (v 2) which does happen in the fall of Jerusalem by Rome some 40 years later. 

The disciples ask Jesus later in the day when this will happen and what will be signs of this happening (vv 3-4). Jesus doesn't answer their first question (although He does in Luke 21:8-23), and his second answer takes the remainder of chapter 13, using a historical perspective.  Jesus warns of false prophets and messiahs coming- that isn't the sign. Jesus warns of war and impending destruction- that isn't the sign. There will be global pandemics and hunger- that isn't the sign. Many people today are looking at the weather patterns the last year or so and the COVID pandemic as signs of the rapture...but these are not the signs! How does that settle with you? Jesus says the thing that must happen is everyone must know of the "Good News" (v 10). Persecution and hate and mistrust do not exempt you from preaching the Gospel (v 9), you are to go out and tell everyone. Are you? Jesus warns that life will get bad, things will get crazy, families may even turn against each other (vv 12- 13) but of you keep te faith and keep teaching- you will have salvation. 

The sign, according to Jesus (v 14) is the "abomination of desolation" which is referred to in Daniel 11:31, "Forces sent by him shall occupy and profane the temple and fortress. They shall abolish the regular burnt offering and set up the abomination that makes desolate." (NRSV). The essence is that the Temple becomes so desecrated with idols, sacrifices of unclean animals (pigs) and brothels in the courtyard, that the Jews abandon it. When you see that happening-it is time! It is time for the Tribulation (vv 15- 22) - God unleashes God power and anger on the earth, a time period of such great calamity and carnage will occur. The saving grace (v 27) is that Jesus will send angels to rescue those that believe wholeheartedly that Jesus is God. I don't know about you- but this sounds scary!

Once we begin to see these signs of the tribulation (v 29), we will know that the rapture is coming. However, Jesus then goes on to say, "all these things will happen while the people of this generation are still living" (V 30). What generation? People of the day were thinking this return of Christ would happen in their life time...we are still waiting 20000 years later!

Jesus tells the people to stay on the watch, that even he didn't know when this would happen....only God would know (v 32). Does this upset you that Jesus doesn't even know when this will happen? The remaining parable (vv 34- 35) reminds us to stay alert and always be on the watch. Always be ready. Always be on the lookout. Always be doing God's work. Are you ready?

I hope the events and commentary didn't upset anyone too much. Stay faithful to God!

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

Mark 12

This chapter covers late Tuesday and/or maybe early Wednesday of Holy Week. Remember, chapter 11 started on Monday and went to Tuesday. There is no real clear indication of time in this chapter, but chapter 14 (I know this is only chapter 12) has the story of the Passover meal.

We begin Chapter 12 with a relatively familiar (?) story. Just to clarify: the vineyard is a Hebrew Bible reference to Israel, so the vines were the people of Israel, and the vine-dressers were the rulers of the Israel world. The "servants" were the prophets that came to prophecy (Jeremiah, Isaiah, Daniel, etc) -- but nobody would listen. The son was the Son (Jesus). The vine-dressers could either accept the Son or refuse the Son (which we know they did). The vineyard owner (God), once hearing what happened to the Son (vv 9-11), gave the vineyard to other farmers (the Gentiles). The Jews were the original "chosen ones" but in their rejection of Jesus, the Gentiles became the chosen people. How does that settle with you? What would have happened had the Jews accepted Jesus?

The Pharisees try o trick Jesus to turn the crowd against him (vv 13- 17)...if Jesus agreed with the Roman government, then maybe the people would be upset enough so the Pharisees could arrest Jesus! I really giggle at the statements of flattery (v 14) the Pharisees use to "honor" Jesus! Does flattery work? Are you surprised the Pharisees used that method? People paid many taxes to Rome, and they hated it! They were funding their oppression and the injustices that Rome initiated against (especially) the Jews. "Should you pay taxes?" (v 15) If Jesus says yes, then Rome wins because Jesus would have essentially denounced God's rule over Israel; if Jesus says no, Rome wins again because they find him as an enemy of Rome and arrest Jesus. It seems like Jesus is in a no win situation! I love Jesus' response (v 15b) (my translation) "Come on guys- really?!" Ultimately, we hear the words from Jesus (v 17), "Give unto Caesar.." Jesus is saying we can be citizens of both Rome and God. If we benefit from the government, then pay the taxes, but also do the work for God's empire. The two are not necessarily mutually exclusive- government and God. Jesus is saying, "Give the coin to Caesar, give your life to God." Can we do that? Do we do that? The Pharisees walk away grumbling and murmuring (I assume).

Sadducees (vv 18- 27) were well educated, influential and wealthy. They did not believe in resurrection (that is why they were 'sad, you see'), spirits or angels. Mosaic law (Deuteronomy 25:5-6) established lavirate marriage (levir- Latin for brother-in-law); if a man dies before having children with his wife, the brother was to take the wife and create an heir for the dead brother.They ask a somewhat absurd question- expecting maybe to trick Jesus or trip him up. Jesus essentially says (vv 24-27) that heaven and the resurrected world is different than the world we live in. Jesus says that resurrection is real (v 26) (I am the God of... not I was the God of...) but that the new life will be a mystery until we get there.It doesn't answer our questions- but it should help us trust God?

Another question to stump Jesus (v 28) and Jesus responds with the essence of the laws....to love God. From this, we see that what God really wants from us is love. Is that too hard for us to do?

Jesus then turns the tables some and asks the Pharisees and Saducees a question (vv 35-36) , "Do you really know who I am?" (my translation). If the Pharisees and Saducees were as smart as they said, they wold know that Jesus was both the root of David and the offspring of David! I like v 37, "The crowds listened with pleasure..." I see the crowds looking at the Pharisees and Saducees with a "Yah, now how you gonna answer that" face! With a snide smile too!

Jesus moves to "warning" of the Saducees (vv 38- 40). They are disciples who educate and teach. But Jesus warns of their hypocrisy= looking/ wanting recognition, demanding priority, seeking the best, acting as if they were "holier than thou" but they weren't really. It was mostly show. How many people do you know are like that? Are you like that?

The final story is tough for us. The concern God has is how we give, not how much we give. The rich men flaunted what they gave, whereas the widow was meek and mild. In today's standards, a mite (the copper coins)  may equal $1, so the woman gave $2.She gave sacrificially; they gave out of excess. The spirit of the gift is more important than the "value" of the gift. I wonder how many people judge others during the offering when actually cash is put in (rather than covered in envelopes)? God doesn't need our money-- God needs our hearts!

Mark 11

 The chapter begins with Palm Sunday.

Although it may seem like it by reading Mark, this is not Jesus' first trip to Jerusalem. As a devout Jew he was there several other times for Passover and other temple festivals. Notice Jesus has the disciples obtain a colt (v 2) rather than an adult horse. A "real king" would have ridden in on a stallion and be ready to fight. But the disciples don't question his request! The colt was symbolic of peace. Either Jesus had made pre-arrangements or Jesus assumed the town people would know Jesus was asking for the colt (v 3) from his comment "Tell them the Master needs it."Jesus seems so calm; there seems to be little anxiety...if only the disciples knew. 

The Palm Sunday procession begins. This all seems so right after the hate and contempt from the Pharisees (and probably others). If Jesus were to ride through your town today, would he get the same reception? Everyone was shouting and praising Jesus, acknowledging that he was the coming king. For much of Jesus' time, he told people not to call him messiah, not to acknowledge his works- today he is accepting of the praise. This is Jesus' triumphant entry to Jerusalem- triumphant- for a king. People were expecting Jesus to throw over the ruling powers. The reception Jesus received was in preparation for the great battle that was to be fought- after all- Jesus was to save them from the Roman empire! Remember this parade and triumphant entry- as you know...it will change in a few days!

Jesus leaves Jerusalem and goes to Bethany- just outside the city, up on a hill. He looks down over Jerusalem. There are a few summits in the Catskills that you can see the near by town when you are at the top. I have been to a few. It is a breathtaking experience and I often think about the town and what's going on there. This is what Jesus was doing, but also knowing that in a few days he will be crucified. Courage, strength, determination. I wonder what the  disciples are thinking at this point in the day- after all, Jesus was to overthrow the empire...he was a king!

The next morning (Monday) they awaken and we get the confusing parable/story of the fig tree! (We had this story in Luke; I will be teaching on it on January 31). Typically, when fig trees are in leaf, they also have fruits- so this tree was essentially saying "Hey, my leaves are out- so I have fruits" (but it didn't- false advertising!) The tree was cursed for saying one thing (advertising it had fruit) but doing something different (not having fruit). We know people like that- all talk, no action! God desires fruits from good and healthy plants- how are your trees?

Jesus enters the Temple and gets angry with all the profiteering going on- selling animals for sacrifice at an elevated price, exchanging money for high rates. It is like us getting mad when we go to a ball game or event and pay $6 for a bottle of water that should cost less than $1! And this was done in the Court of the Gentiles- the only place where Gentiles were welcome to worship and pray (vv 17). How may this be similar to our churches- not welcoming of outsiders?

The next morning (Tuesday), as they are walking past the fig tree, the disciples notice that it is withered and dead (v 20-21)! The response from Jesus (v 22) is confusing, but is essentially saying- pray with faith in God and the disciples should have that kind of faith. The essence of these verses is to remind us to have faith and trust in God. Remember Mary's prayer- anything is possible wit God! 

As Jesus and the disciples get to the Temple, the Pharisees ask about Jesus' authority (v 27- 28)! Oh no! Jesus responds with "I will answer your question if you answer mine!" Jesus has been quite bold and courageous coming in to Jerusalem and disrupting the Temple- kind of stirring the pot (as the Pharisees see it). Ever have a newer person come to your church and start doing some things that "stir up the pot"? How do you respond? How does the church respond? The Pharisees get caught (v 30+). If John's authority for baptizing came from God, then John was right about Jesus being the Messiah! If John didn't have authority from God then they would have the whole area rise up against them! It wasn't a trap by Jesus- just a thought question for the Pharisees to realize Jesus was the Messiah! I love their response (v 33), "Oh, never-mind!" This is the response when people have to face the truth at times- they don't want to accept the facts and do what they can to look away. I cold just imagine their grumbling and commentary as they left Jesus! If you ask Jesus for an answer/response- you had better be ready to hear it! 

Some great stories- that we have probably heard often- but it does us good to see them and think about hem in the context of the story of Jesus!

I hope you enjoyed your weekend! Keep reading! You're all doing a great job!!

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

Mark 10

 Good morning!

We start with a tough question for Jesus- can a man divorce his wife?  The question really focuses on Deuteronomy 24:1- A man can divorce his wife if she is found to be "unclean" But what does uncleanliness mean?! Two camps of thought in Hebrew times- uncleanliness meant sexual impurity for one; the other was anything the man didn't approve of (bad dinner one day, dancing in the street, talking to another man...). The Pharisees were testing (v 2) to see if Jesus would go against Moses (and God's laws through Moses). Jesus' response (v 3) is actually a test for them, "What did Moses command?" Moses (God) didn't command anything- God permitted divorce...big difference in terminology! Divorce was permitted due to "hardness of the heart" (stubborn). Kind of confusing, I know...sorry. Jesus then goes to a discussion about marriage- the problem was not that they didn't understand divorce- they didn't understand marriage! God's plan isn't fulfilled in divorce- it is fulfilled in union! I am going to step out and say here...union between all people is part of that fulfillment too. Two people joined together as one should be stringer that the two individuals alone- that's the perfectness of marriage. Verse 9 adds another level of spirituality..."What God has joined together (not what the clergy joins together!)...marriage is a God thing! 

The disciples ask more questions on this confusing topic. We are missing some information here (see Matthew 19:9). In God's eyes, divorce for sexual immorality is permitted, divorce for other reasons is not...and that's what the disciples are asking about. I know this is a difficult topic with the divorce rate in the United States. 

People bring their children to Jesus (vv 13-14) likely for "dedication" purposes. The idea here is that children love Jesus, Jesus loves children! His followers (disciples) try to stop the parents- Judaic law frowns upon children interacting with adults- but Jesus says to stop. Do we know people that try to prevent kids from coming to Jesus (or to church...think about your church and their acceptance of children).

The rich young man addresses Jesus as "good teacher" (v 17- 18). People never addresses rabbis as good, the word implied sinlessness. This is the only instance of a rabbi being called good (as it should be) and Jesus responds with "Do you really know what you're saying when you call me good?!" The man asks "What do I have to do..." as if getting eternal life was earned. "Justification by faith" is taught to us in Romans 1:17...we can't do anything to earn our way...it is belief. Jesus lists the commandments and the man says, I have done all this. Compassion overcomes Jesus- the man is rich, has made it to the top of the ladder, is probably well known- but still has emptiness in him! The man doesn't know God. Do we know people like that?! Jesus responds with...there is only one more thing you must do...follow me. Too difficult- the man walks away. Again, do we know people like that...following God is too tough?

Jesus then goes on to talk about riches (vv 23- 25+). The essence of these words are to say we can have all the money, and things and riches, but if we don't follow God, we have nothing. The rich man had become too independent, and lost reliability on God. Adults are sometimes like that (referring back to the little children); their faith and belief is unquestioning. We need to have the dependence on God like children have dependence on us. 

Jesus continues his walk to Jerusalem (vv 32- 34) and the followers are amazed and frightened. Amazed at Jesus' courage to face his impending death, frightened at Jesus facing impending death. But they continued to follow. Would you have continued to follow? Jesus brings up the betrayal and handing over to the Gentiles (first time Gentiles have been mentioned in this capacity, and this would have been a great insult- rather than being handed over to Jews). Jesus continues with a description of what would happen. Imagine, if you can, being one of Jesus' disciples and hearing this. I have a hard time now with it-- how must they have felt?

The questions that come from James and John (vv 35- 37) are under the assumption that Jesus is an earthly king and will create an earthly kingdom. James and John wanted literal seats of power. This seems to be a continuation of the question- which among us is the greatest. Jesus responds with (v 38) "You just don't get it!" (my translation). It seems like James and John may get something great (vv 39- 41), and the other ten seem to be angry with the possible movement up the ladder of James and John. 

Jesus continues with the statement (v 43) about greatness and servant-hood. In Jesus' kingdom it isn't wealth, popularity, or social status that is important...humbleness is what counts. How does our society go against that statement? Where are you--- popular and great or servant and humble?

Blind Bartimaeus shouts out to Jesus to heal him (v 46+), The people try to silence him, but he continues. Do you have that persistence in prayer? And he doesn't ask for healing- he asks for mercy! Bartimaeus knows what he needs from God- mercy. Ahh...to have that knowledge! Jesus then asks what Bartimaeus needs, and the response is "to see" (v 51). Don't we all have that request- to see? Bartimaeus regains his vision because he believed (v 52) and Jesus says to go on your way. Bartimaeus follows Jesus. Jesus is the way!

Some really great stories today...with some huge implications for us. We get to Jerusalem on Monday (remember- we take weekends off) with Mark's interpretation of Palm Sunday and the next few chapters focus on Jesus Passion. Probably going to be a tough week hearing some of the stories.

Thank you for joining me on this journey. Enjoy the rest of the day and the weekend. 

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

Mark 9

 The story of the transfiguration is a great story. As many of you know, I enjoy hiking the Catskill mountains and especially enjoy reaching the summit a  having the trees open up and giving me a beautiful view of the valley below. But there is something mysterious about the view-less peaks!

Summit of Bearpen Moutain (3603') in the Catskills

Summit of Vly Mountain (3530') in the Catskills

Anyway- Peter, James, and John (either Jesus' three closest friends or the three guys that would get into the most trouble when Jesus is gone!) start out on a mountain retreat with Jesus that turns into something amazing (like some of my Catskill summits- a regular day with amazing revelations at the peak). The sights these three men see (vv 3-4) are the visions of the Son of God that people expected for Jesus rather than the humble human aspect! Agree or disagree? Comments on that? Remember this story follows (6 days later) the story of Jesus telling the people he must die on the cross. The meeting with Elijah (representing the prophets) and Moses (representing the Law) add to the stunning-ness of the transfiguration. All three- the Law, the Prophets, and the New Covenant- together as one. The text says the three talked. I wonder what they said? Were Elijah and Moses asking questions? Was Jesus preaching? Did Peter, James, and John hear and understand? Peter wants to build some shelters (vv 5-6) and stay here. Forget rejection, suffering, and crucifixion- let's just keep this glory here as long as we can! Can you blame Peter? The Cloud of God comes (many stories in the Hebrew texts use a cloud to cover God- nobody could see God's face or they would surely die (Exodus 33:20) and we hear words reminiscent of Jesus' baptism by John. They just heard Jesus say something similar a few days ago- and now God is telling them essentially the same thing. Do you think they got it now? Instructions from Jesus- don't tell anyone! I don't know about you, but I would have a hard time keeping this quiet!

I have to be honest- I don't really understand the Elijah part- will do more wok on that! Sorry!

They come down from the mountain and run into crowds and controversy. Do you blame Peter for wanting to stay on the mountain? I love the mountains or being on the trail in the woods, but I know when I get back to the truck, I will face the regular problems of life again! All the more reason to hike the Long Path, the Finger Lakes Trail, the Appalachian trail-- longer time away from reality!

From the description (vv 17-18) it seems like the boy might suffer from epilepsy. I hear frustration in Jesus (v 19) as he (in my mind) almost aggressively says to bring the boy here. Can you feel Jesus' frustration mounting from the beginning of the Mark text. He seems more and more anxious now. The father almost questions Jesus' ability (v 19b) with the word "if"! Do we question Jesus' ability at times? Jesus responds with the statement about faith and the man responds with help me have more! The man obviously had some faith- but was asking for more! Lessons for us? Ultimately the spirit is exorcised and the boy is well. Then the disciples ask a tough question (v 28)- Why couldn't we do that? Jesus responds with some tough to hear words (v 29)- "That kind can only be put out with prayer" (some translations say prayer and fasting). The idea here is that prayer and fasting draw us closer to God- tough words for the disciples to hear! Do you hear those same words at times- get closer to God?

Jesus ( vv 30-32) wants quiet time with the disciples so Jesus can re-emphasize the points he made in chapter 8- Jesus must die and will rise again. But they still didn't get it. One would have expected Peter, James, and John to have an epiphany after the transfiguration- but there is no indication here that happened (and Peter is likely the source of most of the information for Mark's gospel!). I feel bad for Jesus and for the disciples- Jesus keeps trying and they keep not getting it!

Jesus then has that "teacher quality" come out (vv 33- 34). Many times in my career, I would hear some jabbering in the room when kids were working; I'd go over and ask- "Hey, what are you kids talking about?!" They say nothing! Those of you that have kids or worked with kids- ever have anyone of them ask you, "Who do you like the most?" The disciples were wondering who was going to be second in charge when Jesus overthrew the government- as a new, upcoming king was expected to do!

Jesus sits- an indication that he will be in teaching mode (rabbis would sit when they taught or had an important lesson to say). Jesus challenges them with the least and the most important statement (v 35). Jesus was describing himself when he said the least will be servant to all, so therefore he was the greatest. Where do you see yourself in the least and the greatest story?

John (vv 38) then tries to get another in trouble for doing an exorcism in the name of Jesus. Jesus' response (vv 39- 42) is basically saying- this is not an exclusive club here! You don't need to worry about other people's business- you worry about you. God will settle things out. Do you know people like that in the church- always worried about other people's business? Small acts of kindness will be remembered as much as small acts of evil toward other (v 42+). This reminds me of the song Slow Fade by Casting Crowns. 

Jesus then seems to promote self-mutilation to prevent sin (vv 43- 48), but the point he is trying to make is that leading a sin free life is difficult and full of costly sacrifices. Sin comes from the heart and mind- not the eyes, legs, ears, etc...

I hope you enjoy today's readings and enjoy the day we have been given. Remember- it may be cloudy outside but the SON is always near!

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

Mark 8

 We begin with a story very similar to one we just read...a  very large crowd (some translations say 4000 men) that is hungry. Jesus shows compassion (v 2), "I feel sorry for them..." then asks what should we do, hoping that one of the disciples would say, "Hey, you just did this a few days ago, why don't you do the same miracle." But, they didn't! Did they forget? Do we forget what Jesus can do? Jesus asks how much food they (the disciples) have- rather than seeking food from the crowd. They give up the bread, and only after they see the miracle and the bread is distributed- then they give up the fish (v 7). How are we similar-- only giving to God a little bit to see what happens, then trusting with more eventually?

The Pharisees come back, trying to up the ante some by asking for a big miracle- one from God...not the small stuff you have been doing (v 11)! Jesus sighs at their continued unbelief (v 12). Do we hear Jesus sigh sometimes at us? Jesus' response is (my interpretation), "Sorry, no miracle for you! You didn't believe me in the first place, why is one more going to help. Let me go  to the true believers."

Jesus warns of the "yeast of the Pharisees and the yeast of Herod" (v 15). In ancient days, a small lump of yesterday's dough was kept and used to leaven today's bread...and the process continued day after day, similar to making sour dough bread. You always keep a small batch of starter for the next batch. Jesus' warning was that the Pharisees and Herod could "infect" the people like the yeast would "infect" the bread dough. Jesus was warning them about the evilness of the Pharisees and Herod toward Jesus. Are we as easily "infected" by evil and unbelief?

The disciples were thinking of the yeast in literal terms "We have no bread"(v 16), rather than i spiritual terms. Jesus then questions their understanding and if they even remember what Jesus did for the 5000 and the 4000. Was Jesus' tone in this question one of anger, frustration, or concern?

Jesus is then presented with a blind man (v 22) and he proceeds to rub spit in his eyes...probably because his eyelids were stuck shut. Jesus progressively allows the man to see...maybe in  the symbolism of how the spiritual eyes of the disciples will gradually be opened. How does that compare with your understanding of Jesus and faith...was it a gradual opening of your eyes or an all of a sudden "miracle"?

Then the "series of questions from Jesus" occur in vv 27- 30. Who do people say that I am? One of the great prophets that would hopefully turn over this oppression and corruption we are living in! Who do you say that I am? That's a tougher question. It is easy to say what others think- but what do you think? Peter comes with "You are the Christ!" (v 29b). The Christ or the Messiah, in ancient times, was a person anointed by God to overthrow the political kingdom that was in current power...not as we think today! Peter, and the rest of the disciples, were partly correct. Who do you say Jesus is?

Jesus then goes on to really explain to the disciples who Jesus is (vv 31-32). Imagine hearing those words...that Jesus was eventually going to be executed but then rise from the dead! How could that be- Messiahs were string and powerful- not to be killed! How would you have responded? Peter tells Jesus to stop talking like that and then Jesus openly, in front of the others, chastises Peter and says "Get behind me Satan!" (v 33). Confusing, but if we look- Peter basically is telling Jesus to stop what he is doing then if he is to be killed. Jesus can't stop his mission; Satan is the one that wants Jesus to stop. Maybe Peter's statement was part of the Pharisee leavening back in the beginning of the chapter?

Jesus ten adds a new caveat- if you want to join me, you must be willing to give up your life. It was bad enough that Jesus says he was to be killed- now he is asking us to potentially be killed too?! (v 34) Take up your cross- meant execution. Crosses were symbols of execution and dominance by Rome- not the religious symbols they are today. Who would be willing to do that-- take up their cross for Jesus? Some "famous" words from Jesus in v 35...the only way to find true life is to follow Jesus into death. It doesn't matter what you have in this entire world- if you don't have Jesus it is all for naught. Tough words to hear, but important! Have faith and believe in Jesus.

Chapter 9 begins with the transfiguration followed by more tough words from Jesus. He is real;y hitting hard his mission and ministry!

Enjoy the day! 

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

Mark 7

 Jesus' ministry is under review! Pharisees from Jerusalem came (v 1)- and this was the second delegation sent (first was Mark 3:22). This was not unique to Jesus. Jerusalem often sent religious authority to investigate/ evaluate "prophets" and those claiming to be "messiahs" with the goal of protecting Israel from hypocrites and false messages. Do we evaluate Jesus today? Do others "evaluate" Jesus' mission and message? There is then a whole discourse on ceremonial washing (vv 2-5)- not washing related to cleanliness (health perspective). Much of these washings were ceremonial and tradition based rather than scripture based, yet the disciples and Jesus were still criticized. Do we do that? "Criticize" Jesus for not following our traditions? Rabbis and teachers if the law had more "seniority" than the scriptures and what they said was deemed super important- even maybe more important that the scriptures! Do we sometimes "make up" things that are "more important" than the scriptures? In the end- it comes down to the words, traditions and rituals of people having more importance than those from God!

Jesus' comeback is from the Hebrew prophet Isaiah (v 6). Some translations start with Jesus saying, "You hypocrites..." The Pharisees get so wrapped up in "People laws" that they push people away from God; people couldn't uphold all the man-made rules - so they walked away from God. You can look like a good person, but are you (vv 6b-7)? You can read the Bible, but do you love God? You can go to church- but do you love God? You can do ministry- but do you love God? You can sing the hymns and say the liturgies- but do you love God? Human doctrine takes the place of God doctrine. How often do we see that in the church? In your home church? In your life?

Jesus then relates back to Moses (vv 10- 13) with the comment- children are to always obey and respect their parents.If your parents need something, the son could respond with- "Well, I have something here, but it is dedicated to God ('Corban')" By being "ultra-religious" the son disobeys God's command of honor. Do you know people that can "use" religion in a seemingly obscure way for their benefit?

Jesus then addresses the crowds and the theme is God is more concerned about how we respond rather than what we consume (vv 14- 23). Jesus basically is saying God wants us to examine our hearts and ask are we doing what God expects us to do? Are we? How are we acting- in public and in private? Does our public life match with our private life? Charles Spurgeon (English Baptist preacher and theologian, mid 1800s) wrote "Sin is not a splash of mud on man's exterior, it is a filth generated within himself." Thoughts?

Jesus travels about 50 miles to reach Sidon and Tyre, Gentile cities! This is unusual, because Jesus' ministry initially was to the lost sheep of Israel (Matthew 15:24). This story (vv 24-30) is a good continuation of the previous though. It is a Jewish law that Jews cannot and should not ever interact with Gentiles. And what does Jesus do? Goes into the house of a Gentile! Yikes! He wanted to keep it hidden- maybe to stop any rioting that may have happened or not to needlessly offend anyone. But it couldn't stay hidden (v 24b). Isn't that great! Jesus cannot be hidden! At first, Jesus seems to reject the woman saying (v 27), "The children (Jews) should be fed before the dogs (Gentiles)." And the woman's somewhat snarky (in my mind) response (v 28), "Yah, but even the dogs get the crumbs the children leave behind!" Touche, Jesus! Her request is granted and her daughter is healed. Would you have the courage to call Jesus out like the woman did?

Jesus uses a rather unconventional method to heal a man's hearing (vv 33- 35)! The story is reminiscent of Isaiah 35:5-6: "Then the eyes of those who are blind will be opened, And the ears of those who are deaf will be unstopped. And the tongue of those who cannot speak will shout for joy."

The closing verse is really important to hear (v 37). The people were amazed and said "Jesus does everything well." Yes, Jesus does!

Enjoy the day, Get outside and reflect on the readings.

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

6 Then those who limp will leap like a deer,

Mark 6

 Good morning and welcome back! I hope you all had a relaxing weekend and had an opportunity to bask in the limited sunshine that we had!

There are some tough stories in this chapter with some difficult outcomes! Hope you're ready!

First story- Jesus left Nazareth as a carpenter and returns a while later as a rabbi with his own disciples and preaching about God's kingdom and healing! No wonder people were talking about him! The comment (v 3), "He is just a carpenter..." illustrates the people are really wondering how he got his theological training! Many people, especially in Rome, point to Jesus' occupation as a discredit to the message Jesus was teaching. Does it matter that Jesus was a carpenter or not? How do you feel about the statement of discrediting his message? They way I see it-- God was a builder, a creator, and so was Jesus!"The son of Mary" (v 3) is also a slam against Jesus; men were never referenced as the son or their mother- they were always referenced as the son of their father; plus, the rumor mill had been active that Joseph wasn't really the father, so she must have had an affair! There is then a listing of brothers and the comment of sisters; the author of Mark definitely puts out the question of Mary's permanent virgin status. Some denominations hold this (perpetual virginity) to high standards. Does the fact that Mary had other children bother you? Should it?

The town basically rejects Jesus and Jesus comments with (v4), A prophet is welcomed every where except his hometown." Jesus accepts the rejection as the price a prophet must pay. Look back at other prophets from the Hebrew texts- many of them were rejected for their words' people don't want to hear what God has to say! A surprising comment for me was that Jesus was unable to perform miracles- and only was able to do a few healings! The final statement (v 6) is that Jesus was amazed (some translations say marveled) at their lack of faith. Would Jesus marvel at your faith or your "un-faith"?

Jesus picks up and doesn't let this incident bother him. He goes to others towns to teach and heal. He has a mission and that mission is very obvious in Mark's gospel.

Jesus sends out the twelve in pairs, reminding them to take nothing. There was a rule for rabbis that when they entered the temple or synagogue, they were to have nothing with them. The idea was to avoid the appearance of being pre-occupied with anything other than God. I know the feeling. When I am at church prepping for the beginning of worship, I like to have just my Bible and notes out, so that when people come in, they see me working for God, not for something else. The disciples were told to take nothing and be dependent on God for provisions (v 8). How would it look if even the preachers doubted God would provide! The goal of the disciples was persuasive teaching, and if people listened, the disciples would stay and teach more. If the people didn't listen, they would leave-- no harm, no foul. How does that settle with you? Would you expect them to try harder? How do you respond when people don't agree or people don't listen to your witness of God?

The next story (vv 14-29), about the death of John the Baptist- is a great story, although it seems odd to have it in this sequence other than to bring up Herod and the mystery of Jesus! Jesus is becoming well known, but people are confused as to who Jesus is-- Elijah, just a prophet, John resurrected. Herod is surprised that hey say John, because Herod had John beheaded!

The disciples come back (we don't know how long they were gone) and they are excited to talk with Jesus but the crowds are too extensive. Jesus invites them to go to a quiet place with him so they can eat and rest and talk, but the people ran after them (vv 30- 34). I like this commentary about how Jesus cared for his disciples and wanted them to rest. What does that say to us about rest? Jesus recognizes the people were like sheep without a shepherd (v 34) so he begins to care for them as a shepherd would care for sheep. It was late and the disciples said we should send these people away (v 35- 36). How many times do we hear that when we have a ministry/ mission idea! Does that bother you that the disciples wanted to send the people away? Does it bother you when people in the church want to send others away? I like Jesus' response- "You do something about it!" (v 37). You do it! How many times have you heard this from Jesus? From others? The disciples questions Jesus' request (I don't know if it was a snarky response or a legitimate question, v 37b). Jesus asks them to gather the bread and fish that are in the crowd and have the people sit in the grass (like sheep waiting to be fed).  Jesus then looks to God (as in our communion liturgy) and blesses the food and gives it out to all the people. And they were fed until they were satisfied (v 42, some translations say full). Not just a snack, not just something to hold you over until you get home- but satisfied! That's how Jesus is- fills us until we are full or satisfied, Jesus doesn't leave us hungry!

Jesus ultimately sends the crowds home and the disciples to the boat to start their journey to Bethsaida (v 45). Jesus then goes to a quiet place to pray (v 46); a busy, exhausting day with thousands of people, and Jesus takes time to pray. I know I have had days that are so exhausting that I don't feel like reading the Bible or praying! Jesus' exhaustion sent him to pray not away from prayer! The disciples are struggling to get across the sea because of the winds. How many times have you struggled because of the "winds" going against you? Jesus comes to the rescue as He walks across the sea and gets into the boat with them (in Matthew 14:28-31 we know Peter walks out to Jesus). Jesus will come to the rescue!

Back in Gennesaret, people recognize Jesus (from the demons named Legion in chapter 5). Their response seems different now. They bring people to be healed, just to touch Jesus. How has our interpretation/ understanding of Jesus changed throughout your years?

Some really great stories! Glad we are doing this.

I hope you have a good day and find peace.

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

Mark 5

 The first story today is one we have heard several times, I'm sure! The demon possessed man has been shunned to the caves far outside of town but when Jesus came the man came immediately- Jesus didn't seek him out. So, does Jesus seek out people or does Jesus wait for people to come? The demons address Jesus with "Jesus, Son of the Most High God" (v 7); in ancient times- there was an idea that if you knew and said an individuals entire name- you could gain spiritual control over them. In essence, the demon was trying to control Jesus! Oh was Legion in for it! (a Roman Legion is 6000 troops- not that the man had 6000 demons inside, but there were many). Think of the "demons" that we have in us! The demons wold rather be in pigs than be sent into the abyss and not have any effect on anything (vv 10- 13); the pigs eventually ran off the cliff- showing us the destructive power of Satan. The man was "cured" and the people of the town were afraid of Jesus (v 17). People are more afraid of what Jesus would do to them than a crazy, demon possessed man living in the caves near their town! What does this say about the nature of people? The man wanted to leave with Jesus, but Jesus refused. The man had a more important ministry to do- go to town and report what had happened and declare the greatness and mercy of God (vv 18- 20)! We all have that important ministry- to witness to God's mercy and grace- are we doing that?

Jesus returns to the other side (the Jewish side) of the Sea of Galilee and is met by Jairus, a temple leader (like a priest). The request is to heal his daughter. Jairus had faith that Jesus could do it, but that Jesus needed to be present in the house for the healing to happen. They are interrupted by the woman with the hemorrhage issue. Due to her issue, she had been ostracized from the community and was unable to worship; she had no touch (if she touched anyone, then they would be unclean too), and we remember from Luke's interpretation that she had spent all her money on physicians. The woman thought that if she could just touch Jesus' clothes that she would be healed. What does that tell us about her faith? What about our faith in light of this story? She was healed and cold feel the difference in her body (v 29). Jesus has the ability to heal us inside- our spirit, our soul, our entire being. Jesus then calls her out. Imagine the fear that she might have felt,; she didn't ask permission, she didn't acknowledge Jesus, she was somewhat subversive in her actions. Jesus used this moment as a teaching moment about faith and what faith can do. How does this make you feel in our recent discussions about faith and how shaky our faith is at times? In my translation, Jesus calls her "dear woman" (v 34), but some translations say "Daughter". How would this have made her feel?

Bad news follows for Jairus-- his daughter is dead. Imagine his anger at Jesus for "wasting time" with this woman; imagine Jairus' possible disgust at the woman for interrupting their travel to his house to heal his daughter. Jesus responds with "Don't be afraid; just believe." (v 36) How many times has Jesus said this to you? Have you done it?! They get to the house and Jesus takes his "inner circle" of disciples (Peter, James, John) and mom and dad to the girl's room. Why only Peter, James, and John? Jesus revives the girl. Interesting point that I just noticed-- the girl was 12 years old (v 42) and the woman had a bleeding problem for 12 years (v 25). Notice the differences (yet similarities) in these two stories: Jairus- well know, priest; Woman- ostracized from her community. Jairus- probably wealthy; Woman- probably poor. Jairus- publicly asked Jesus to help; Woman- secretly obtained help from Jesus. Jairus' daughter- healed in secrecy; Woman healed publicly. Jesus responded to Jairus after a delay; Jesus responds to the woman immediately. Jesus' work is the same for both people- yet different. If Jesus can touch each need personally in these stories, Jesus can touch our needs too!

It has been a good week. Thanks for the comments and keeping up with the readings; I know it may be tough, but we are doing it! Remember- we are taking weekends off from the reading plan. Enjoy the weekend and I will talk with you all on Monday when we discuss chapter 6!

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

Mark 4

 Jesus often used a boat as a pulpit; it gave him space away from people, the acoustics were probably heightened, and the view for the people watching would have been great! I imagine some of the religious authority were having a fit because Jesus was doing something that just wasn't supposed to be done! We hear our first parable (vv 3- 8), an intimate weaving of  daily life with spiritual truth. The parable of the sower- or maybe more correctly- the parable of the soils (as it is the soil, not the sower, that determines the harvest). I think we can all identify people that correspond to the different soils that Jesus talks about. I know I can! What type of soil are you? What is your harvest like?

It seems like the disciples didn't get the point of the parable (v 10). I wonder if the people understood? When I am teaching/preaching, I often wonder, "Are they getting this?" Jesus' parables can be taken in at many different levels; depending on your career/occupation- you hear different aspects to the parables, but to really understand the spiritual aspect, you need to dig deep and think about the "key" Jesus gives you. V 14- Jesus says, "The sower is like a person who plants God's message in people." Ah-ha! Now the lights come on! Jesus uses parables so the hearer can dig deep and find truth-- or turn away (v 12). Do you always understand the parables the first time you hear them?

As Jesus explains the parable to the disciples, I look at his explanation through the lens of preacher/teacher. Preachers are often critiqued for "not doing a good job" in explaining or sharing a message, but maybe it is how well the congregation listens, not how good the preacher preaches! On a typical Sunday, I can see who gets it, who is struggling, who has too much on their mind, who is still tired from a late Saturday night, who is attending to get their check mark...I, as a preacher, am in each of those categories at different times too!

The next story is somewhat of a follow-up to the parable of the soils. If you have the Light, don't hide it; put it out there (vv 21- 23)! By its nature, Light is hard to contain- so let it out! Do we sometimes keep the Light hidden or do we always let that light shine? When we understand God's word, we then become accountable to it (v 24), passing it on to others. Are you good at passing on the message of God to others? And our spiritual growth gathers momentum (v 25), The more we know, the more we understand, the more we get to tell others! How does that fit in your life?

In the next commentary about seeds (vv 26- 29), the way the seed grows is like the kingdom of God and our faith. Seeds just seem to grow, God's kingdom and our faith "just seem to grow" with care and nurturing by those around us. Those seeds of faith are planted in us and it is the work of the Holy Spirit that causes them to grown and develop and mature into seeds for others. I have used John 12:24 in some of the funerals I have officiated: "I tell you for certain that a grain of wheat that falls on the ground will never be more than one grain unless it dies. But if it dies, it will produce lots of wheat." (Contemporary English Version). How is your harvest going? How is your sowing going?

It seems like Mark adds a disclaimer after the mustard seed parable (vv 33- 34) Jesus uses parables- sometimes people get it, sometimes they don't but Jesus always explains the parables to the disciples when they are alone. I wonder why Jesus doesn't explain the parables to the people?

I just noticed an interesting statement that Jesus used (v 35); Jesus says to the disciples, "Let's go to the other side of the lake..." Jesus doesn't say "Let's get caught in a storm and perish." Jesus'promise to us its, let's go and survive! In addition, the author says (v 36), "They took Him just as he was." Tired, dirty, sweaty after a full day of preaching, probably hungry, maybe a little cranky from being so exhausted. Do we take Jesus as He is, or do we tr to fit Jesus into some kind of human-made mold of who we think Jesus should be? The storm kicks up, and Jesus is asleep. He is exhausted and even though he had things to worry about (Pharisees are angry at him, worry about the crowds and their needs, worry about what the future brings, etc), Jesus grabs a nap! What signal does that send to us?! It was the voices of the disciples that woke Jesus, not the wind, not the water crashing over the sides of the boat, not the rain, not the rocking of the boat...the voices. Similar to a sleeping mom (or dad) that nothing can awaken them- except the voice of their child in the next room! We are always on Jesus' radar! It seems like the disciples are angry with Jesus (v 38) saying "Don't you care?" How often do we use those same words, Jesus, don't you care about us? The final commentary by Jesus is about his friends, not the storm (v 40). Jesus could have commented, "Yikes, that was a crazy storm!" but comments "Do you still have no faith?" The most disturbing part of this story (for Jesus), is the lack of faith of his disciples! How would Jesus respond to us? Does Jesus use the same commentary... "Do you still have no faith?" We may feel like we are in a small fishing boat in the middle of a great storm; we may feel like we are on the Titanic, going down; we may feel like we can't make it-- but Jesus is there in the boat with us!

Chapter 5 tomorrow- short- but two very important stories for us to unpack!

Shalom+
Pastor Paul

Mark 3

 I really like how Mark starts with "Another tie when Jesus went to the synagogue..." (v 1), indicating to us that Jesus was a regular for attendance at worship! I sometimes forget that point! Jesus meets the man with the withered hand, but God's grace/ mercy allowed him (the man) to use his feet to get to worship! How many times do people not attend church for something minor, and this man still comes even with a bad hand! The religious authority knew Jesus was going to heal, that's why they were there! They were watching carefully, so they had expectations of healing-- they knew about Jesus but they didn't know  him. Are we like that sometimes-- we know about Jesus, but don't know Jesus? Then Jesus comes out with "the question"- Should I do good or do bad on the Sabbath?! John Wesley ("founder" of Methodism) is attributed to saying, "Do all the good you can, by all the means you can..." I think Jesus would agree! We see a side of Jesus that people don't often think about (v 5), Jesus was angry, probably at the hardness of the hearts of the men that were watching Jesus. Jesus was trying to change their hearts and get them to understand, but they refused. Does Jesus get angry at us because of our (sometimes) cold hearts?

The crowds came; many towns in the list of places are from a great distance, possibly indicating "the entire world" came to see Jesus. Did they come to hear him or did they come for healing and miracles? It is good to come and be healed, but, like the religious authority from the first story, we need to know Jesus too! The demons knew Jesus, and by calling his name "Son of God" they are attempting to control Jesus! Jesus responds "Don't tell them who I am" (v 12) Jesus wants people to know his message before they know who he really is (my thoughts).

Aside from the crucifixion and resurrection, the selection of the 12 disciples is probably Jesus' most important act. These are the people that would carry out Jesus' message after Jesus' ascension. Jesus' inner circle would be with him at all times listening and learning about God's kingdom- more so  than any other person. Out of the 12 men selected (12= number of tribes of Israel), we know and hear much about Peter, James, John, and Judas; we know some about Phillip and Andrew; the rest of the disciples we don't really now much about. I am sure they did great works, but we don't know about them. Their recognition came in Paradise, I am sure! My personal belief is that I don't need recognition here on earth for something that I should be doing. Many times I have said, "Just doing my job" with the idea that we all should be doing good, it is expected and I don't really need recognition for something that is expected from me! Some people question why Judas was chosen, if Jesus knew the ultimate "goal" of Judas. My question would be, why was I chosen?!

Jesus performs another exorcism, and the Pharisees respond (v 22) with "He must have Beelzebul living in him." Jesus responds with (my translation), "If I were Satan, why would I force out demons from others- that defeats my purpose!" A house divided cannot stand. Abraham Lincoln used this verse in his June 16, 1858 acceptance speech as Illinois Senator. How does this relate to our current political division in the country?

Why did Jesus' mother and brothers come (v 31)? Maybe to see Jesus? Maybe to take him home, thinking he really was possessed (see Mark 3:21)? Where was Joseph? We don't ever hear of Joseph again after Jesus' birth. How did his brothers respond to Jesus' "fame" and "mission"? Did Jesus have sisters? Some theologians question if Jesus had siblings, to maintain the perpetual virginity of Mary. Whatever the case, it seems like Jesus' family had no special privileges compared to the other people gathered. How does this settle with you? Then a huge sweeping invitation to all gathered there, even the Pharisees..."Whoever does what God wants is my brother and my sister." (v 35) Many clergy address their people as "brothers and sisters" Does this statement from Jesus help you understand that? Do you feel as sister or brother to Jesus?

Chapter 4 is next- and we will see/hear some of the familiar parable that Jesus uses in the other Gospels. 

Shalom+
Pastor Paul